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Arteries of the Head and Neck

Arteries of the Head and Neck

The human body's intricate network of arteries ensures that every organ system receives the necessary oxygen and nutrients for optimal function. The arterial network in the head and neck region is particularly complex, providing vital blood flow to the brain, eyes, and other critical structures. Prominent arteries in this region include the internal carotid arteries and the vertebral arteries.
The internal carotid arteries supply blood to the anterior portion of the cerebrum. They enter the...

Increased Intracranial Pressure l: Introduction

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Intracranial hypertension is a sustained elevation of intracranial pressure (ICP) above 22 mm Hg. In supine adults, normal ICP is ~7–15 mm Hg.The rigid, nonexpandable cranium contains three components—brain tissue, blood, and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)—that total ~1,700 mL in a typical adult: 1,400 mL brain (~80%), 150 mL blood (~10%), and 150 mL CSF (~10%). According to the Monro–Kellie doctrine, total intracranial volume is effectively fixed. When one component expands, CSF and venous blood...

Hemorrhagic Stroke l: Introduction

Hemorrhagic Stroke l: Introduction

A hemorrhagic stroke is an acute neurological event that occurs when a weakened cerebral blood vessel ruptures, allowing blood to accumulate within or around the brain. The sudden release of blood forms a focal hematoma that increases intracranial pressure, displaces neural tissue, and can obstruct cerebrospinal fluid pathways. These effects may be compounded by intraventricular extension of the hemorrhage, cerebral edema, or compression of adjacent structures, all of which contribute to...

Hemorrhagic Stroke ll: Pathophysiology

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A hemorrhagic stroke develops when a cerebral blood vessel ruptures, allowing blood to escape into the surrounding brain tissue, as in intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), or into the subarachnoid space, as in subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). Because the skull is a rigid compartment, the sudden presence of extravascular blood rapidly increases intracranial pressure and compresses adjacent neural structures, leading to immediate tissue injury and impaired cerebral perfusion.Mass Effect and Primary...

Increased Intracranial Pressure ll: Pathophysiology

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Increased intracranial pressure (ICP) refers to a potentially life-threatening rise in pressure inside the skull. This usually happens when there is a major change in the volume of brain tissue, blood, or cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) — the three components inside the skull. According to the Monro-Kellie doctrine, if the volume of one component increases, the volumes of the other components must decrease to maintain normal pressure. If this does not happen, ICP rises.The process often begins with...

Traumatic Brain Injury l: Introduction

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Updated: May 23, 2026

3D-Neuronavigation In Vivo Through a Patient's Brain During a Spontaneous Migraine Headache

3D-Neuronavigation In Vivo Through a Patient's Brain During a Spontaneous Migraine Headache

Published on: June 2, 2014

[Accidents and headache].

Ennio Pucci¹, Roberto De Icco, Paola Imbriani

¹Headache Science Centre, IRCCS "National Neurological Institute C. Mondino" Foundation, Pavia, Italy. ennio.pucci@mondino.it

Giornale Italiano Di Medicina Del Lavoro Ed Ergonomia

|March 29, 2012

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Headache affects over a quarter of workers injured in workplace accidents in Italy. This suggests that reduced attention due to headaches may be a significant risk factor for work injuries.

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Assessing Changes in Synaptic Plasticity Using an Awake Closed-Head Injury Model of Mild Traumatic Brain Injury

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Published on: January 20, 2023

Area of Science:

Occupational Health
Neurology
Public Health

Context:

Work accidents cause significant morbidity, mortality, and societal loss due to absenteeism.
Despite efforts to reduce incidents, Italy recorded 775,000 accidents and 980 deaths in 2010.
Headache is a prevalent condition impacting worker safety and productivity.

Purpose:

To investigate the frequency of headache among workers who sustained injuries.
To explore the potential link between headache and the occurrence of work accidents.
To inform future preventative strategies by understanding risk factors.

Summary:

A study of 192 injured workers found that 41 (26.2%) experienced headaches.
Data indicates a notable prevalence of headache among individuals involved in workplace incidents.
Reduced attention or cognitive impairment from headache may contribute to accident causation.

Impact:

Highlights headache as a potential, under-recognized risk factor in occupational safety.
Suggests the need to record headache status during accident investigations.
Informs the development of targeted interventions to mitigate headache-related workplace risks.