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Related Experiment Video

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Real-time Analysis of Gut-brain Neural Communication: Cortex wide Calcium Dynamics in Response to Intestinal Glucose Stimulation

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Nutrient sensing and signalling by the gut.

Rojo Rasoamanana¹, Nicolas Darcel, Gilles Fromentin

¹AgroParisTech, CRNH-IdF, UMR914 Nutrition Physiology and Ingestive Behavior, F-75005 Paris, France.

The Proceedings of the Nutrition Society

|March 29, 2012

Summary

Gut nutrient receptors sense food components, regulating nutrient absorption and triggering satiety signals. Targeting these receptors in enteroendocrine cells (EEC) could help manage overfeeding and related health issues.

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Area of Science:

Gastroenterology
Endocrinology
Neuroscience

Background:

Nutrient receptors are present on the gut's apical surface, sensing luminal nutrients.
These receptors regulate nutrient transporter expression and are found in enteroendocrine cells (EEC).

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the role of gut nutrient receptors in nutrient absorption and satiety signaling.
To explore the potential of targeting these receptors in EEC for managing overfeeding.

Main Methods:

The study reviews recent advances in understanding nutrient receptor localization and function in the gut.
It discusses the signaling pathways involved in nutrient sensing and peptide secretion.

Main Results:

Nutrient receptors in EEC directly control the secretion of gastro-intestinal peptides (e.g., GLP-1, PYY) in response to nutrient transit.
These signals inform central feeding control nuclei, contributing to energy homeostasis and satiation.
Tastant receptors in EEC also stimulate gut peptide secretion.

Conclusions:

Gut nutrient and tastant receptors play a key role in nutrient absorption and generating satiation signals.
Targeting EEC receptors offers a potential strategy to promote satiety and combat overfeeding.