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Sonographic evaluation of sciatic nerves in patients with unilateral sciatica.

Murat Kara¹, Levent Özçakar, Tülay Tiftik

¹Ankara Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Education and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey. mkaraftr@yahoo.com

Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation

|March 29, 2012

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Ultrasound revealed enlarged sciatic nerves in patients with sciatica, correlating with pain duration and severity. These findings aid in understanding lower limb radiating pain.

Area of Science:

Neurology
Radiology
Pain Management

Background:

Sciatica, often associated with low back pain, involves radiating leg pain.
Understanding the underlying pathophysiology of sciatica is crucial for effective treatment.

Purpose of the Study:

To evaluate sciatic nerves using ultrasound in patients with unilateral sciatica.
To determine the relationship between ultrasonographic findings and clinical/electrophysiologic parameters.

Main Methods:

A cross-sectional study involving 30 patients with chronic sciatica.
Ultrasound assessed sciatic nerve dimensions (diameter, cross-sectional area).
Clinical assessments included pain scales (VAS, LANSS) and electromyography.

Main Results:

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Sciatic nerves were significantly larger on the affected side compared to the unaffected side.
Nerve swelling correlated negatively with symptom duration and LANSS scores at the midthigh level.
No significant correlation was found with other clinical or electrophysiologic parameters.

Conclusions:

Sciatic nerves appear enlarged in patients experiencing sciatica.
These preliminary ultrasound findings may enhance the understanding of sciatica pathophysiology.
Ultrasound could be a valuable tool for evaluating sciatic nerve changes in low back pain patients.