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Clinical waste incinerators in Cameroon--a case study.

Peter Ikome Kuwoh Mochungong1, Gabriel Gulis, Morten Sodemann

  • 1Institute for Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Esbjerg, Denmark. pkuwoh@health.sdu.dk

International Journal of Health Care Quality Assurance
|March 30, 2012
PubMed
Summary

Clinical waste incinerators in Cameroon

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Science
  • Public Health
  • Waste Management

Background:

  • Incinerators are commonly used for clinical waste treatment in Cameroon's Northwest Region.
  • Public concern exists regarding potential health and environmental risks associated with these incinerators.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To summarize findings from a 2008 case study on clinical waste incinerators in Cameroon's Northwest Region.
  • To assess site, design, and operating standards of existing incinerators.

Main Methods:

  • Random selection and investigation of three incinerators.
  • Empirical field observation, inventory, and informal interviews.
  • Analysis of bottom ash samples for heavy metals using Inductively Coupled Plasma (ICP) Emission Spectroscopy.

Main Results:

  • Identified shortcomings in site selection, design, and operational standards.
  • Detected heavy metals including Chromium (Cr), Copper (Cu), Iron (Fe), Manganese (Mn), Nickel (Ni), Lead (Pb), and Zinc (Zn) in bottom ash.
  • Mean concentrations of heavy metals in bottom ash ranged from 10 mg/kg for Lead (Pb) to 178080 mg/kg for Calcium (Ca).

Conclusions:

  • Clinical waste incineration in the region requires reconsideration due to identified issues.
  • A comprehensive health and environmental impact assessment is recommended before future decisions on incineration.
  • Alternative waste management methods should be explored to mitigate negative impacts on public health and the environment.

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