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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 23, 2026

A Mouse Model for the Transition of Streptococcus pneumoniae from Colonizer to Pathogen upon Viral Co-Infection Recapitulates Age-Exacerbated Illness
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Characterization of a pneumococcal meningitis mouse model.

Barry Mook-Kanamori1, Madelijn Geldhoff, Dirk Troost

  • 1Department of Neurology, Center of Infection and Immunity Amsterdam (CINIMA), Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.

BMC Infectious Diseases
|March 30, 2012
PubMed
Summary

This study developed a new mouse model for pneumococcal meningitis, a common cause of severe illness. The model accurately reflects human disease progression and inflammation, aiding future research.

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Immunology
  • Neurology

Background:

  • Streptococcus pneumoniae is a leading cause of meningitis, associated with significant morbidity and mortality.
  • Existing models do not fully replicate the human condition of pneumococcal meningitis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate an integrated and representative mouse model of pneumococcal meningitis.
  • The model aims to mimic the human disease scenario for improved research.

Main Methods:

  • Adult C57BL/6 mice were inoculated intracisternally with varying doses of S. pneumoniae serotype 3.
  • Survival, bacterial load, clinical scores, cytokine/chemokine levels, and histopathology were assessed.
  • Histopathology included evaluation of meningeal inflammation, neutrophil infiltration, hemorrhages, microglial activation, and apoptosis.

Main Results:

  • Inoculation dose influenced survival time, with higher doses leading to shorter survival.
  • Bacterial titers in CSF and brain were comparable at end-stage disease across doses.
  • Elevated inflammatory markers (KC, IL-6, MIP-2, IFN-γ, IL-1β, RANTES) and neuropathological changes (inflammation, apoptosis, hemorrhage) were observed.

Conclusions:

  • A validated murine model for pneumococcal meningitis has been successfully developed.
  • This model provides a robust platform for studying meningitis pathogenesis and evaluating therapeutics.