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Related Concept Videos

Empathy02:34

Empathy

Some researchers suggest that altruism operates on empathy. Empathy is the capacity to understand another person’s perspective, to feel what he or she feels. An empathetic person makes an emotional connection with others and feels compelled to help (Batson, 1991). Empathy can be expressed in several ways, including cognitive, affective, and motor.
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During adolescence, individuals experience significant cognitive development that enhances their understanding of others' emotions and thoughts, known as cognitive empathy. This period is marked by an increased ability to adapt to others' perspectives and a more nuanced understanding of others' mental states, a skill that is foundational for social problem-solving and conflict avoidance. The development of cognitive empathy relies heavily on the theory of mind — the recognition that people have...
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Socioemotional Development during Infancy01:30

Socioemotional Development during Infancy

Socio-emotional development in infancy is primarily shaped by early emotional responses and social connections, with temperament playing a central role. Temperament refers to the consistent patterns in an individual's emotional and behavioral responses, observable even in infancy. By examining temperament, researchers can better understand an infant's unique ways of interacting with the world, influencing subsequent personality and socio-emotional growth.
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Socioemotional Experience and Gender Development01:30

Socioemotional Experience and Gender Development

Social-emotional experiences and cultural influences play significant roles in shaping gender development. During middle childhood, from ages 6 to 11, peer groups become dominant in reinforcing gender norms. Children in this age group often align with same-gender peer groups, which actively encourage behaviors that conform to traditional gender roles. For instance, boys may be discouraged from engaging in activities perceived as feminine, reinforcing culturally dictated norms about masculinity...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 23, 2026

A Cross-Disciplinary and Multi-Modal Experimental Design for Studying Near-Real-Time Authentic Examination Experiences
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Published on: September 4, 2019

Characterizing changes in student empathy throughout medical school.

Daniel C R Chen1, Daniel S Kirshenbaum, Jun Yan

  • 1Boston University School of Medicine, MA 02118, USA. daniel.chen@bmc.org

Medical Teacher
|March 30, 2012
PubMed
Summary

Medical student empathy declines during clinical training, especially for those favoring technology specialties. Higher baseline empathy and lower anticipated debt correlate with sustained empathy throughout medical school.

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Area of Science:

  • Medical Education
  • Psychology
  • Sociology

Background:

  • Physician-patient relationship quality hinges on empathy.
  • Existing research indicates a decline in medical student empathy during clinical training.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To longitudinally track empathy trends in medical students.
  • To identify empathy variations based on gender and specialty preference.
  • To analyze empathy differences linked to medical school admission pathways and career interests.

Main Methods:

  • Longitudinal cohort design with 2652 observations from 1162 medical students (2007-2010).
  • Jefferson Scale of Physician Empathy-Student Version (JSPE-S) used for measurement.
  • Analysis included gender, age, financial debt, and career interest as predictors.

Main Results:

  • Empathy decreased from preclinical to clinical years.
  • Women exhibited higher empathy than men.
  • Students preferring technology-focused specialties showed lower empathy.
  • Higher anticipated debt correlated with greater empathy when controlling for career preference.
  • Students with high baseline empathy experienced less decline.
  • Traditional program students had higher baseline empathy than early pathway students.

Conclusions:

  • Self-reported physician empathy diminishes with clinical training, particularly for students in technology-oriented fields.
  • Findings suggest implications for medical education and admissions policies, especially concerning patient-centered care and physician shortages.