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Related Concept Videos

Nitric Oxide Signaling Pathway01:28

Nitric Oxide Signaling Pathway

Nitric oxide (NO), an inorganic gas, acts as a potent second messenger in most animal and plant tissues. NO diffuses out of the cells that produce it and enters the neighboring cells to generate a downstream response. NO synthase (NOS) catalyzes NO production by the deamination of the amino acid arginine. There are three isoforms of NOS. Endothelial cells have endothelial NOS (eNOS), nerve and muscle cells have neuronal NOS (nNOS), and macrophages produce inducible NOS (iNOS) upon exposure to...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 23, 2026

Application of Genetically Encoded Fluorescent Nitric Oxide (NO•) Probes, the geNOps, for Real-time Imaging of NO• Signals in Single Cells
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Published on: March 16, 2017

Neuronal nitric oxide synthase regulates endothelial inflammation.

Subhadeep Chakrabarti1, Carmen K Chan, Yanyan Jiang

  • 1Departments of Obstetrics & Gynecology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada.

Journal of Leukocyte Biology
|March 30, 2012
PubMed
Summary

Endothelial nNOS, a novel nuclear protein, plays an anti-inflammatory role by modulating vascular responses. Its inhibition exacerbates inflammation, highlighting its significance in regulating immune cell interactions.

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Application of Genetically Encoded Fluorescent Nitric Oxide (NO•) Probes, the geNOps, for Real-time Imaging of NO• Signals in Single Cells
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Published on: February 16, 2022

Area of Science:

  • Vascular Biology
  • Immunology
  • Cellular Signaling

Background:

  • Nitric oxide (NO) modulates vascular inflammation, primarily attributed to endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS).
  • Emerging evidence suggests a role for neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) in the endothelium, but its regulation and function remain unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the localization, regulation, and functional significance of endothelial nNOS.
  • To elucidate the anti-inflammatory role of endothelial nNOS in vascular inflammation.

Main Methods:

  • Primary human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were used as an in vitro model.
  • Inflammatory responses were induced using tumor necrosis factor (TNF).
  • Endothelial nNOS was inhibited pharmacologically (L-NPA) or via siRNA.

Main Results:

  • Endothelial nNOS is predominantly localized to the nucleus in resting cells and contributes to basal NO production.
  • Ablation of endothelial nNOS amplified TNF-induced inflammatory responses, including VCAM-1 upregulation and increased leukocyte adhesion.
  • Inhibition of nNOS potentiated proinflammatory cytokine production.

Conclusions:

  • Endothelial nNOS possesses a novel nuclear localization and an immunoregulatory function.
  • Endothelial nNOS exhibits anti-inflammatory properties by attenuating cytokine-driven inflammation.
  • These findings reveal a previously unrecognized role for nNOS in the endothelium's immune response.