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A role for perirhinal cortex in memory for novel object-context associations.

Hilary C Watson1, Edward L Wilding, Kim S Graham

  • 1Wales Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3AT, United Kingdom.

The Journal of Neuroscience : the Official Journal of the Society for Neuroscience
|March 30, 2012
PubMed
Summary

The perirhinal cortex (PrC) supports memory for object-context associations, not just item familiarity. This finding clarifies the functional divisions within the medial temporal lobe (MTL) for memory processing.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Memory Research

Background:

  • Debate exists on medial temporal lobe (MTL) functional divisions, specifically perirhinal cortex (PrC) and hippocampus (HC).
  • Two theories propose divisions based on memory process (item familiarity vs. association recollection) or stimulus category (object representations).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate whether PrC function is limited to item memory or extends to item-context associations.
  • To differentiate between memory process and stimulus category accounts of MTL functional organization.

Main Methods:

  • fMRI scanning during object judgments (common/uncommon, edges/curves).
  • Subsequent retrieval phase with item (old/new) and context (encoding task) judgments.
  • Analysis of neural activity at encoding based on retrieval accuracy.

Main Results:

  • PrC activity at encoding predicted successful item-context judgments.
  • This effect persisted even when item memory strength was controlled for remembered vs. forgotten contexts.
  • Neural activity in PrC is associated with remembering object-context associations.

Conclusions:

  • PrC's role extends beyond item familiarity to include memory for item-context associations, particularly for object stimuli.
  • These findings support the stimulus category account of functional divisions within the MTL.
  • The study clarifies the specific contributions of PrC in memory for complex associations.