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Related Concept Videos

Applications of IR Spectroscopy: Overview01:11

Applications of IR Spectroscopy: Overview

The non-destructive nature and ability to provide valuable chemical information make IR spectroscopy a versatile technique with broad applications in various scientific and industrial fields. IR spectroscopy is commonly used to identify and characterize organic and inorganic compounds. It provides information about the functional groups present in a molecule and the bonding between atoms. This helps in the structural elucidation of compounds during organic synthesis, pharmaceutical research,...
Ultraviolet and Visible (UV–Vis) Spectroscopy: Overview01:02

Ultraviolet and Visible (UV–Vis) Spectroscopy: Overview

Ultraviolet–visible (UV–visible or UV–Vis) spectroscopy is an analytical technique that investigates the interaction between matter and UV–Vis light within the electromagnetic spectrum. This method is widely used for its versatility, simplicity, and relatively quick data acquisition, making it valuable for both qualitative and quantitative analysis. When UV–Vis radiation passes through a material,  molecules absorb light depending on the energy required for electronic transitions. As a result...
UV–Vis Spectroscopy: Molecular Electronic Transitions01:16

UV–Vis Spectroscopy: Molecular Electronic Transitions

In Ultraviolet–Visible (UV–Vis) spectroscopy, the absorption of electromagnetic radiation is used to probe the electronic structure of molecules. This technique provides insights into molecular electronic transitions, particularly the movement of electrons between different molecular orbitals. Radiation is absorbed if the energy of the electromagnetic radiation passing through the molecule is precisely equal to the energy difference between the excited and ground states. During this process,...
IR Spectroscopy: Molecular Vibration Overview01:24

IR Spectroscopy: Molecular Vibration Overview

When Infrared (IR) radiation passes through a covalently bonded molecule, the bonds transition from lower to higher vibrational levels. The fundamental vibrational motions that result in infrared absorption can be classified as stretching or bending vibrations.
Stretching vibrations are vibrational motions that occur along the bond line, changing the bond length or distance between two bonded atoms. They are further distinguished as symmetric or asymmetric. In symmetric stretching, the...
Molecular Spectroscopy: Absorption and Emission01:14

Molecular Spectroscopy: Absorption and Emission

Molecules possess discrete energy levels called quantum states. Unlike atoms, which have simpler energy levels, molecules possess additional rotational and vibrational energy levels. Each energy level is separated by an energy gap, with the gaps between adjacent electronic, vibrational, and rotational levels varying significantly. The three types of energy levels in a diatomic molecule are shown in Figure 1.
Infrared (IR) Spectroscopy: Overview01:09

Infrared (IR) Spectroscopy: Overview

When electromagnetic radiation passes through a material, atoms or molecules transition from a lower to a higher energy state by absorbing radiation corresponding to the energy difference between the two states. The absorption of infrared (IR) radiation causes transitions between vibrational energy levels in a molecule. Therefore, IR spectroscopy is a useful analytical tool for determining the molecular structure of molecules.
Different compounds display unique properties due to their...

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A Multimodal Wide-Field Fourier-Transform Raman Microscope
06:48

A Multimodal Wide-Field Fourier-Transform Raman Microscope

Published on: December 30, 2025

Frontiers in spectroscopy.

Martin Quack1

  • 1ETH Zürich, Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland. Martin@Quack.ch

Faraday Discussions
|March 31, 2012
PubMed
Summary

Spectroscopy has evolved significantly over 150 years, exploring frontiers from atomic physics to detecting symmetry violations. Recent advances focus on parity violation in chiral molecules, with ongoing research into future spectroscopic applications.

Area of Science:

  • Physics
  • Chemistry
  • Spectroscopy

Background:

  • Atomic spectroscopy developed approximately 150 years ago.
  • The Faraday Discussion 150 covers a broad spectrum of scientific frontiers.
  • Spectroscopy is a key tool for fundamental physics and chemistry research.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a historical overview of spectroscopy.
  • To map current frontiers in spectroscopy.
  • To exemplify spectroscopic detection of symmetry violations, particularly parity violation in chiral molecules.

Main Methods:

  • Historical review of spectroscopic developments.
  • Survey of contemporary spectroscopic frontiers.
  • Discussion of theoretical and experimental advances in parity violation detection.

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Characterizing Far-infrared Laser Emissions and the Measurement of Their Frequencies
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Characterizing Far-infrared Laser Emissions and the Measurement of Their Frequencies

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Main Results:

  • Significant progress has been made in understanding parity violation in chiral molecules.
  • Current status of theory and experiments in this field is presented.
  • A map of today's spectroscopic frontiers is provided.

Conclusions:

  • Spectroscopy continues to evolve, pushing the boundaries of fundamental physics and chemistry.
  • Future research directions and open questions in spectroscopy are outlined.
  • The detection of symmetry violations represents an exciting frontier.