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Nervous System

Nervous System

The nervous system coordinates body functions through its complex network of nerve cells, enabling sensation and movement. It is divided into two primary parts: the central nervous system (CNS) and the peripheral nervous system (PNS). The CNS is composed of the brain and the spinal cord. The brain acts as the body's control center, processing sensory information and coordinating responses. The spinal cord functions as a major signaling pathway for the brain and the rest of the body.
Extending...

Cranial Nerves: Types Part II

Cranial Nerves: Types Part II

Cranial nerves are responsible for transmitting motor and sensory information between the brain and various parts of the body. There are twelve pairs of cranial nerves. While the first six innervate the head and neck, the latter six nerves innervate the head and neck, as well as organs and tissues in the thoracic and abdominal cavities. They facilitate communication, expression, and autonomic control within the human body.
Facial Nerve (Cranial Nerve VII)
Cranial nerve VII, or the facial nerve,...

Local Anesthetics: Differential Sensitivity of Nerve Fibers

Local Anesthetics: Differential Sensitivity of Nerve Fibers

Local anesthetics (LAs) block the sodium channels of nerve trunks, sensory nerve endings, and neuromuscular junctions. Although LAs can block all kinds of nerves, the sensitivity of nerve fibers differs according to nerve types and structures. LAs are known to block myelinated fibers faster than unmyelinated ones. Also, they block pain or sensory neurons at low concentrations without affecting the motor neurons involved in muscle contractions. This helps relieve labor pain without affecting the...

Peripheral Nervous System: Ganglia and Nerves

Peripheral Nervous System: Ganglia and Nerves

The Peripheral Nervous System (PNS) is a crucial component of the body's neural network, extending beyond the central nervous system (CNS) to bridge the gap between the CNS and the external environment. It encompasses nerves, ganglia, and sensory receptors.
Nerves
The nerve is a bundle of axons that serves as the communication highway in the PNS. Each nerve is ensheathed in a protective layer of connective tissue called the epineurium. This outermost layer safeguards the nerve and supports the...

Functions of the Nervous System

Functions of the Nervous System

The nervous system is responsible for coordinating and regulating the body's functions. It functions through three main processes: sensory, integrative, and motor processes. Sensory function involves the detection and transmission of information about internal and external stimuli from sensory receptors to the CNS. The CNS processes this information through an integrative function, where it interprets and makes decisions based on the incoming sensory information. Finally, the motor function...

Spinal Nerves: Plexus II

Spinal Nerves: Plexus II

The plexuses of the lower body include the lumbar, sacral, and coccygeal plexuses, which innervate the abdomen, pelvis, legs, and coccygeal region. These plexuses control the transmission of sensory information and coordinate motor functions of the lower body.
The Lumbar Plexus
The lumbar plexus is situated within the lumbar region of the back and is primarily formed by the first four lumbar spinal nerves (L1 to L4). This plexus extends its branches into several nerves, including the...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 23, 2026

Structured Motor Rehabilitation After Selective Nerve Transfers

Structured Motor Rehabilitation After Selective Nerve Transfers

Published on: August 15, 2019

[Nerve transfers].

J Bahm¹, W El Kazzi, F Schuind

¹Service d'Orthopédie-Traumatologie, Cliniques Universitaires de Bruxelles, Hôpital Erasme, Bruxelles. jorg.bahm@erasme.ulb.ac.be

Revue Medicale De Bruxelles

|March 31, 2012

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Nerve transfers reroute healthy nerves to restore function in damaged nerves, offering a solution for severe nerve injuries affecting limbs and the face. This surgical technique is vital when direct nerve repair is impossible due to injury severity or location.

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A Mouse Model of Direct Anastomosis via the Prespinal Route for Crossing Nerve Transfer Surgery

A Mouse Model of Direct Anastomosis via the Prespinal Route for Crossing Nerve Transfer Surgery

Published on: October 19, 2021

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Last Updated: May 23, 2026

Structured Motor Rehabilitation After Selective Nerve Transfers

Structured Motor Rehabilitation After Selective Nerve Transfers

Published on: August 15, 2019

A Mouse Model of Direct Anastomosis via the Prespinal Route for Crossing Nerve Transfer Surgery

A Mouse Model of Direct Anastomosis via the Prespinal Route for Crossing Nerve Transfer Surgery

Published on: October 19, 2021

Area of Science:

Neurosurgery
Microsurgery
Peripheral Nerve Surgery

Context:

Nerve transfers are advanced surgical procedures.
They involve redirecting healthy nerve fascicles to damaged nerves.
This technique addresses severe nerve deficits.

Purpose:

To restore motor or sensory function.
Indications include unreconstructable nerve injuries.
Used for brachial plexus, lumbo-sacral plexus, and peripheral nerve injuries.

Summary:

Nerve transfers connect healthy nerve parts to injured nerves (end-to-end or end-to-side).
They are indicated for destroyed or poor-quality proximal nerve stumps, significant substance loss, or difficult access.
Applications include brachial/lumbo-sacral plexus lesions and peripheral nerve injuries like axillary nerve rupture or facial nerve damage.

Impact:

Enables functional restoration in cases of severe nerve damage.
Provides a viable treatment option for complex nerve injuries.
Improves patient outcomes in reconstructive surgery.