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Related Concept Videos

Autism Spectrum Disorder01:19

Autism Spectrum Disorder

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition marked by persistent deficits in social communication and interaction alongside restrictive and repetitive behaviors or interests. ASD is sometimes accompanied by intellectual impairment.
These core symptoms manifest differently among individuals, ranging from mild to severe. The disorder's complexity extends beyond its clinical presentation, encompassing a diverse range of biological, cognitive, and sociocultural influences.

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Related Experiment Video

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A Novel Experimental and Analytical Approach to the Multimodal Neural Decoding of Intent During Social Interaction in Freely-behaving Human Infants
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Screening for autism in extremely preterm infants: problems in interpretation.

Tamanna Moore1, Samantha Johnson, Enid Hennessy

  • 1Research Department of Academic Neonatology, Institute for Women's Health, University College London, London, UK.

Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology
|March 31, 2012
PubMed
Summary

Autism screens are common in extremely preterm infants, particularly those with developmental issues. Healthcare providers should consider other neurodevelopmental problems when interpreting positive Modified Checklist for Autism in Toddlers (M-CHAT) results.

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Portable Intermodal Preferential Looking (IPL): Investigating Language Comprehension in Typically Developing Toddlers and Young Children with Autism

Published on: December 14, 2012

Area of Science:

  • Neonatal Medicine
  • Developmental Pediatrics
  • Autism Spectrum Disorder Research

Background:

  • Extremely preterm infants face heightened risks for developmental challenges.
  • Early identification of developmental delays, including autism, is crucial for timely intervention.
  • The Modified Checklist for Autism in Toddlers (M-CHAT) is a widely used screening tool.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the prevalence of positive M-CHAT screens in extremely preterm children in England.
  • To identify risk factors associated with positive M-CHAT screens in this population.
  • To inform clinical interpretation of M-CHAT results in extremely preterm infants.

Main Methods:

  • A cohort of children born at <= 26 weeks' gestation in England in 2006 (EPICure-2 study) was assessed at 2 years corrected age.
  • Postal questionnaires including the M-CHAT and other developmental questions were sent to parents of survivors.
  • Data from 523 completed questionnaires were analyzed to determine M-CHAT screen positivity and associated factors.

Main Results:

  • 41% of extremely preterm children screened positive on the M-CHAT.
  • Risk factors included severe bronchopulmonary dysplasia, postnatal steroid use, late-onset bacteraemia, and male sex.
  • Positive screens were significantly higher in children with neurodevelopmental impairments, including severe motor impairment (95.5%) and cognitive impairment (55.9%).

Conclusions:

  • Positive M-CHAT screens are highly prevalent in extremely preterm children.
  • The presence of other neurodevelopmental impairments significantly increases the likelihood of a positive screen.
  • Clinicians should interpret positive M-CHAT results cautiously, considering the broader neurodevelopmental profile to prevent unnecessary referrals.