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Related Concept Videos

Neuronal Communication01:28

Neuronal Communication

Neurons, the fundamental units of the brain and nervous system, communicate through complex electrochemical signals that underpin all cognitive and bodily functions. This communication is primarily facilitated by a process involving the generation and propagation of an action potential along the axon of the neuron. When the internal electrical charge of a neuron surpasses a certain threshold, an action potential is triggered. This rapid change in voltage travels swiftly along the axon to the...
Neurons as Communicators of the Brain01:22

Neurons as Communicators of the Brain

Neurons, the fundamental units of the brain and nervous system, function as the primary transmitters of information throughout the body. Their ability to communicate through electrical and chemical signals is vital for every bodily function, from regulating the heartbeat to processing complex thoughts. Each neuron has three main components: the cell body (soma), dendrites, and an axon, each specialized to facilitate swift and efficient neural communication.
Cell Body
The cell body, also known...
The Synapse02:47

The Synapse

Neurons communicate with one another by passing on their electrical signals to other neurons. A synapse is the location where two neurons meet to exchange signals. At the synapse, the neuron that sends the signal is called the presynaptic cell, while the neuron that receives the message is called the postsynaptic cell. Note that most neurons can be both presynaptic and postsynaptic, as they both transmit and receive information.
Synaptic Signaling01:12

Synaptic Signaling

Neurons communicate at synapses, or junctions, to excite or inhibit the activity of other neurons or target cells, such as muscles. Synapses may be chemical or electrical.
Synaptic Signaling01:09

Synaptic Signaling

Neurons communicate at synapses, or junctions, to excite or inhibit the activity of other neurons or target cells, such as muscles. Synapses may be chemical or electrical.
Most synapses are chemical, meaning an electrical impulse or action potential spurs the release of chemical messengers called neurotransmitters. The neuron sending the signal is called the presynaptic neuron, and the neuron receiving the signal is the postsynaptic neuron.
The presynaptic neuron fires an action potential that...
Neuron Structure01:31

Neuron Structure

Overview

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 23, 2026

Imaging Analysis of Neuron to Glia Interaction in Microfluidic Culture Platform (MCP)-based Neuronal Axon and Glia Co-culture System
09:34

Imaging Analysis of Neuron to Glia Interaction in Microfluidic Culture Platform (MCP)-based Neuronal Axon and Glia Co-culture System

Published on: October 14, 2012

Communication among neurons.

Lisbeth Marner1

  • 1PET and Cyclotron Unit, University Hospital of Copenhagen, Rigshospitalet, Blegdamsvej 9, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark. lisbeth@marner.dk

Danish Medical Journal
|March 31, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Quantitative neurobiological methods are evaluated for bias in aging and brain diseases. Stereology and PET imaging assess neuronal communication, revealing insights into Alzheimer's and schizophrenia impacts on brain structure and function.

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Electrophysiological and Morphological Characterization of Neuronal Microcircuits in Acute Brain Slices Using Paired Patch-Clamp Recordings
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Electrophysiological and Morphological Characterization of Neuronal Microcircuits in Acute Brain Slices Using Paired Patch-Clamp Recordings

Published on: January 10, 2015

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Last Updated: May 23, 2026

Imaging Analysis of Neuron to Glia Interaction in Microfluidic Culture Platform (MCP)-based Neuronal Axon and Glia Co-culture System
09:34

Imaging Analysis of Neuron to Glia Interaction in Microfluidic Culture Platform (MCP)-based Neuronal Axon and Glia Co-culture System

Published on: October 14, 2012

Electrophysiological and Morphological Characterization of Neuronal Microcircuits in Acute Brain Slices Using Paired Patch-Clamp Recordings
10:24

Electrophysiological and Morphological Characterization of Neuronal Microcircuits in Acute Brain Slices Using Paired Patch-Clamp Recordings

Published on: January 10, 2015

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Biophysics
  • Medical Imaging

Background:

  • Neuronal communication is crucial for brain function.
  • Understanding aging and disease impacts requires quantitative neurobiological measures.
  • This thesis addresses biases and methodological issues in quantitative neurobiological methods.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Evaluate stereological methods for unbiased estimation of neural components.
  • Validate quantitative positron emission tomography (PET) receptor imaging.
  • Assess the impact of aging and diseases (Alzheimer's, Schizophrenia) on brain function using these methods.

Main Methods:

  • Stereology used for estimating myelinated nerve fiber length in post-mortem brains.
  • Quantitative PET imaging with kinetic modeling, using [11C]SB207145 (serotonin 5-HT4 antagonist) and [18F]altanersin (serotonin 5-HT2A ligand).
  • Evaluation of reference tissue and arterial plasma input function methods for PET accuracy; partial volume correction applied.

Main Results:

  • Stereology provides unbiased estimates but is susceptible to shrinkage artifacts.
  • [11C]SB207145 binding is sensitive to ligand occupancy, requiring high specific activity.
  • Partial volume correction in PET improved distinction between brain atrophy and receptor changes; Alzheimer's patients showed reduced 5-HT2A binding but preserved serotonin transporter.
  • Aging and diseases like Alzheimer's and Schizophrenia impact myelinated nerve fiber length.

Conclusions:

  • Quantitative methods like stereology and PET are essential for studying brain function in aging and disease.
  • Methodological rigor, including accounting for artifacts and ensuring high specific activity, is critical for accurate neuroimaging.
  • Findings provide insights into neurochemical changes in Alzheimer's disease, potentially refining understanding beyond the beta-amyloid hypothesis.