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Updated: May 23, 2026

Biomechanical Characterization of Human Soft Tissues Using Indentation and Tensile Testing

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Published on: December 13, 2016

Characterizing the compression-dependent viscoelastic properties of human hepatic pathologies using dynamic

Ryan J DeWall¹, Shyam Bharat, Tomy Varghese

¹Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA. dewall@wisc.edu

Physics in Medicine and Biology

|March 31, 2012

Summary

This study quantifies liver tumor mechanical properties using dynamic compression testing. Results show secondary liver tumors are significantly stiffer than primary tumors, offering insights for quantitative stiffness imaging.

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Measurement of Liver Stiffness Using Atomic Force Microscopy Coupled with Polarization Microscopy

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Last Updated: May 23, 2026

Biomechanical Characterization of Human Soft Tissues Using Indentation and Tensile Testing

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Published on: December 13, 2016

Measurement of Liver Stiffness Using Atomic Force Microscopy Coupled with Polarization Microscopy

Measurement of Liver Stiffness Using Atomic Force Microscopy Coupled with Polarization Microscopy

Published on: July 20, 2022

Area of Science:

Biomedical Engineering
Medical Imaging
Oncology

Background:

Elastography quantifies tissue elasticity, aiding tumor margin determination and diagnosis.
Understanding mechanical properties of hepatic malignancies is crucial for advanced imaging techniques.

Purpose of the Study:

To quantify the viscoelastic properties of human hepatic primary and secondary malignancies and their background tissues.
To investigate the relationship between tissue stiffness and fibrosis grade in liver tissues.
To differentiate mechanical properties between primary and secondary liver tumors.

Main Methods:

Dynamic compression testing and ramp testing were used to measure viscoelastic properties.
16 human hepatic primary and secondary malignancies and surrounding tissues were analyzed.
Modulus contrast and stiffness changes were calculated for different tumor types and fibrosis grades.

Main Results:

Fibrotic liver tissue (F4) was significantly stiffer (4:1 modulus contrast) than non-fibrotic (F0) tissue.
Hepatocellular carcinomas showed a 1:1 tumor-to-background modulus contrast, decreasing with fibrosis.
Secondary tumors (colon metastases, cholangiocarcinomas) were much stiffer (10:1 contrast) than background tissue.

Conclusions:

Liver tumor stiffness varies significantly between primary and secondary types.
Quantitative stiffness imaging can differentiate tumor types based on mechanical properties.
These findings support the increasing use of quantitative stiffness imaging in oncology.