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Staphylococcal Skin Infections01:29

Staphylococcal Skin Infections

Staphylococcus aureus is a Gram-positive coccus that resides harmlessly on the skin and mucous membranes of healthy individuals. When the skin barrier is breached, it can shift from a commensal to an opportunistic pathogen. This transition is facilitated by surface adhesins, such as clumping factor B and S. aureus surface protein G (SasG), which bind to structural proteins, including loricrin and cytokeratin, in the damaged epidermis. Protein A, another key factor, binds the Fc region of...
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Sexually Transmitted Infections

Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are diseases transmitted primarily through unsafe sexual interactions. Bacteria, viruses, or parasites cause them and can result in severe health complications if untreated.ChlamydiaThe bacterium Chlamydia trachomatis is responsible for the disease Chlamydia, the most common STI in the United States. This peculiar pathogen requires human cells to reproduce, residing intracellularly. The initial infection often goes unnoticed because it typically does not...
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Skin Diseases and Disorders

Skin is the first line of defense and encounters a variety of microbes. Some pathogenic strains are often the cause of a broad range of infections of the skin and other body systems. These conditions can affect people of all ages and may have different causes, including genetic factors, infections, autoimmune reactions, environmental factors, and lifestyle choices.
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External Female Genitals01:15

External Female Genitals

The vulva encompasses the external structures of the female reproductive system. At the forefront is the monpubis, a cushion of fatty tissue atop the pubic bone. Once puberty sets in, this area typically grows hair. Extending from just behind the mons pubis are the labia majora (labia = 'lips'; majora = 'larger'), which are larger skin fs olds coated with hair. Nestled within are the labia minora (labia = 'lips'; minora = 'smaller'), which are thinner, more pigmented, and hairless. While the...
Vagina01:26

Vagina

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Updated: May 23, 2026

A Murine Model of Group B Streptococcus Vaginal Colonization
10:19

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Published on: November 16, 2016

Cutaneous vulvar streptococcal infection.

Ginat W Mirowski1, Bethanee J Schlosser, Catherine S Stika

  • 1School of Dentistry, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN 46032, USA. gmirowsk@iupui.edu

Journal of Lower Genital Tract Disease
|March 31, 2012
PubMed
Summary

Group B Streptococcus may cause painful vulvar fissures. Microbiological cultures are recommended for vulvar pain evaluation, even without vaginitis, to identify this pathogen and guide treatment.

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Published on: August 19, 2016

Area of Science:

  • Gynecology
  • Dermatology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Vulvar pain is a common complaint.
  • Fine superficial fissures can be a presenting symptom.
  • The etiology of these fissures is not always clear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the cause of fine superficial fissures in women experiencing vulvar pain.
  • To investigate the role of microbiological factors in vulvar fissure etiology.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective chart review of women with vulvar complaints.
  • Analysis of mucocutaneous examination findings.
  • Review of microbiological swab culture results for fissured areas.

Main Results:

  • Sixteen women presented with fine, superficial vulvar/perianal fissures and pain.
  • Group B β-hemolytic streptococcus (Streptococcus agalactiae) was identified in 37.5% of cases.
  • Fissures persisted despite treatment for concomitant vulvar disorders; 3 patients improved with antibiotics.

Conclusions:

  • Group B β-hemolytic streptococcus is a potential cause of painful vulvar fissures.
  • Microbiological cultures are advised for vulvar pain assessment, even without signs of vaginitis.
  • Identifying and treating Streptococcus agalactiae can lead to fissure resolution.