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Caudal vena cava kinking in dogs with ascites
Augusta Pelosi1, Joseph K Prinsen, George E Eyster
1College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA.
Summary
In dogs, caudal vena cava kinking can be a consequence, not the cause, of ascites (abdominal fluid buildup). This study experimentally induced ascites to investigate the relationship between vena cava obstruction and peritoneal effusion.
Area of Science:
- Veterinary Medicine
- Diagnostic Imaging
- Canine Pathophysiology
Background:
- Spontaneous ascites in a dog revealed hepatic vein distension and caudal vena cava (CVC) abnormalities.
- Abdominal ultrasound showed CVC kinking as it crossed the diaphragm before entering the right atrium.
Purpose of the Study:
- To experimentally determine if caudal vena cava kinking is a cause or a result of ascites in dogs.
- To investigate the relationship between induced peritoneal effusion and CVC morphology.
Main Methods:
- Ascites was experimentally induced in a normal dog via warm saline injection into the abdominal cavity.
- Venograms were captured in various positions before and after injecting 1, 2, and 3 liters of saline.
- Caudal vena cava kinking was assessed under these conditions.
Main Results:
- Caudal vena cava kinking was observed after the injection of 2 liters of saline.
- The experimental induction of ascites led to the development of CVC kinking.
Conclusions:
- While vena cava obstruction can cause ascites, this study demonstrates that caudal vena cava kinking can also be a consequence of peritoneal effusion.
- Findings suggest a potential bidirectional relationship between CVC kinking and ascites in canine patients.
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