A single-solenoid pulsed-magnet system for single-crystal scattering studies

Area of Science:

• Condensed Matter Physics
• Materials Science
• X-ray Science

Background:

• High magnetic fields are crucial for studying exotic material properties.
• Existing X-ray diffraction systems often have limitations in applying strong magnetic fields.
• There is a need for advanced instrumentation to probe materials under extreme conditions.

Purpose of the Study:

• To present a novel pulsed-magnet system for X-ray diffraction and spectroscopy.
• To enable studies with magnetic fields applied near the scattering plane.
• To overcome limitations of existing magnet systems for X-ray experiments.

Main Methods:

• A large-bore solenoid magnet cooled by liquid nitrogen.
• A closed-cycle cryostat for sample cooling to near liquid helium temperatures.
• A 40 kJ capacitor bank to generate pulsed magnetic fields up to ~30 T.
• A novel double-funnel insert to preserve scattering angles.

Main Results:

• The system successfully generates pulsed magnetic fields up to ~30 T.
• Maximum scattering angles (~23.6°) are preserved due to the double-funnel insert.
• The apparatus facilitates X-ray single-crystal diffraction, powder diffraction, and spectroscopic studies.

Conclusions:

• The developed pulsed-magnet system is a significant advancement for materials research.
• It enables X-ray studies under high magnetic fields that were previously impractical.
• The design offers a practical solution for optical access in future high-field magnet systems.