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Updated: May 23, 2026
09:42
A Fibrin-Enriched and tPA-Sensitive Photothrombotic Stroke Model
Published on: June 4, 2021
Plasminogen activation and thrombolysis for ischemic stroke
Robert L Medcalf1, Stephen M Davis
1Australian Centre for Blood Diseases, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. robert.medcalf@monash.edu
Summary
Tissue-type plasminogen activator (tPA) is a key thrombolytic therapy for ischemic stroke, yet its clinical use remains low. This review examines tPA
Area of Science:
- Biomedical Science
- Neurology
- Pharmacology
Background:
- The plasminogen-activating enzyme system has been utilized for thrombolysis for decades.
- Tissue-type plasminogen activator (tPA) is the sole approved thrombolytic agent for ischemic stroke.
- Despite proven benefits within 4.5 hours of stroke onset, tPA is underutilized in clinical practice.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the therapeutic use and controversies surrounding tPA in ischemic stroke.
- To provide an overview of ongoing and recent clinical trials involving tPA and related agents.
- To explore novel therapeutic approaches for ischemic stroke treatment.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of therapeutic thrombolysis and tPA.
- Analysis of clinical trial data for tPA and fibrinolytic agents.
- Discussion of current and emerging treatment strategies for ischemic stroke.
Main Results:
- tPA demonstrates clear benefits for ischemic stroke patients within a specific time window.
- Significant underuse of tPA in clinical settings persists despite established guidelines.
- tPA has complex roles in the brain, presenting therapeutic challenges.
Conclusions:
- Urgent attention is needed to address the underutilization of tPA for ischemic stroke.
- Ongoing research and novel approaches are crucial for improving stroke treatment outcomes.
- Extended time frames and new fibrinolytic agents are under investigation.
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