Selfish cellular networks and the evolution of complex organisms

Area of Science:

• Evolutionary biology
• Genetics
• Cellular biology

Background:

• Human gametogenesis involves numerous cell divisions, increasing opportunities for de novo mutations.
• Cellular networks (genes, proteins, RNA, metabolites) are complex, robust, and evolvable functional units.
• These networks exhibit self-monitoring capabilities and autonomy, termed 'selfish'.

Purpose of the Study:

• To explore the role of de novo mutations in cellular networks during gametogenesis.
• To investigate how network robustness and quality control influence evolutionary selection.
• To propose a dual pathway model for the evolution of complex organisms.

Main Methods:

• The study is primarily theoretical, synthesizing existing literature on gametogenesis, molecular networks, and evolutionary theory.
• It analyzes the implications of mutation accumulation and network properties for selection during gamete formation.
• It models the interplay between internal network selection and external environmental selection.

Main Results:

• De novo mutations acquired during gametogenesis can impact cellular networks.
• Network robustness and quality control provide a basis for selection acting on these networks.
• Selective processes during gametogenesis can affect both gamete-specific and non-gamete-specific functions.

Conclusions:

• Evolution of complex organisms may occur through two pathways: selection on essential housekeeping functions during gametogenesis and classical selection on environmentally influenced traits.
• Parental regulation and evolution of essential functions before transmission to progeny is a key aspect.
• This dual-pathway model offers a new perspective on the evolution of multicellular organisms.