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Updated: May 23, 2026

Controlled Reversible Visceral Arterial Ischemia, Venous Congestion and Combined Malperfusion via Midline Laparotomy in Rats
Published on: July 5, 2024
Occlusion of both caval veins by an endovascular occluder
Fabrizio Sansone1, Cristina Barbero, Mauro Rinaldi
1Division of Cardiac Surgery, San Giovanni Battista Hospital, University of Turin, Corso Bramante 88, 10135 Turin, Italy. fabrisans@katamail.com
Abstract:
Minimally invasive surgery (MIS) for redo mitral/tricuspidal surgery is going to increase, offering good results for early and late mortality and morbidity. In a case of redo surgery through a right thoracotomy (RT), when tricuspid surgery is planned, the superior (SVC) and inferior caval veins (IVC) are usually isolated and snared in order to prevent air embolism and significant blood regurgitation. We describe our experience in eight redo patients, operated for combined mitral/tricuspid or isolated tricuspid surgery, where the endovascular occlusion of the SVC and IVC was obtained by means of an endovascular occluder (Equalizer).
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