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Cryo-electron Microscopy01:28

Cryo-electron Microscopy

Conventional electron microscopy (EM) involves dehydration, fixation, and staining of biological samples, which distorts the native state of biological molecules and results in several artifacts. Also, the high-energy electron beam damages the sample and makes it difficult to obtain high-resolution images. These issues can be addressed using cryo-EM, which uses frozen samples and gentler electron beams. The technique was developed by Jacques Dubochet, Joachim Frank, and Richard Henderson, for...
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Replicative Cell Senescence02:15

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Replicative cell senescence is a property of cells that allows them to divide a finite number of times throughout the organism's lifespan while preventing excessive proliferation. Replicative senescence is associated with the gradual loss of the telomere — short, repetitive DNA sequences found at the end of the chromosomes. Telomeres are bound by a group of proteins to form a protective cap on the ends of chromosomes. Embryonic stem cells express telomerase — an enzyme that adds the telomeric...
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Telomere Length and Telomerase Activity; A Yin and Yang of Cell Senescence
12:08

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Published on: May 22, 2013

Does the cryogenic freezing process cause shorter telomeres?

Edmund C Jenkins1, Lingling Ye, Wayne P Silverman

  • 1The Department of Human Genetics, New York State Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities-IBR, 1050 Forest Hill Road, Staten Island, NY 10314, USA. Ed.Jenkins@opwdd.ny.gov

Cryobiology
|April 3, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Freezing T-lymphocytes increases telomere shortening compared to fresh cells. This finding highlights the need to assess freezing effects on cells for clinical applications, including embryo implantation.

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Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Genetics
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Telomeres protect chromosome ends and shorten with cell division.
  • Cryopreservation is common for biological samples but its cellular effects require scrutiny.
  • T-lymphocytes are crucial immune cells often used in research and clinical settings.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of cryopreservation (freezing and thawing) on telomere length in T-lymphocytes.
  • To compare telomere shortening in frozen-thawed T-lymphocytes versus non-frozen T-lymphocytes from the same individuals.

Main Methods:

  • Short-term T-lymphocyte cultures were established from adult blood samples.
  • Blood samples were obtained from 6 adults (3 female, 3 male).
  • T-lymphocytes were either cultured immediately or after freezing and thawing using ficoll-paque gradient centrifugation.

Main Results:

  • Evidence of increased telomere shortening was observed in T-lymphocyte cultures that underwent freezing and thawing.
  • This effect was compared to T-lymphocytes cultured directly from the same blood samples without cryopreservation.

Conclusions:

  • Cryopreservation of T-lymphocytes leads to accelerated telomere shortening.
  • The long-term implications of this accelerated shortening warrant further investigation.
  • Evaluation of freezing effects on cells for clinical use, such as embryo implantation, is urgently needed.