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Related Experiment Videos

Multiple muscle enzyme release with psychiatric illness.

C M Swartz1, K J Breen

  • 1Department of Psychiatry, UHS/Chicago Medical School, Illinois 60064.

The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease
|December 1, 1990
PubMed
Summary

Psychiatric conditions, particularly mania, are linked to elevated serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (SGOT) levels. These enzyme elevations suggest release from skeletal muscle due to agitation or tissue hypoxia in patients.

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Psychiatry
  • Clinical Chemistry

Background:

  • Serum enzyme levels, including lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (SGOT), have been investigated for potential associations with psychiatric disorders.
  • Previous research suggested possible links between enzyme release and physiological states in psychiatric patients.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between serum LDH and SGOT concentrations in patients with various psychiatric illnesses compared to a control group.
  • To determine if psychiatric conditions, especially mania, are associated with significantly higher levels of these enzymes.

Main Methods:

  • Serum samples were collected from patients diagnosed with mania, depression, chronic schizophrenia, and schizoaffective/atypical psychosis.
  • Enzyme concentrations (LDH and SGOT) were measured and compared between patient groups and nonpsychiatric control subjects.

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  • Statistical analyses, including correlation coefficients and t-tests, were used to assess associations and group differences.

    • Main Results:

    • Significant positive associations between serum LDH and SGOT were observed in patients with mania, depression, chronic schizophrenia, and schizoaffective/atypical psychosis (p < .001).
    • A negligible association was found in nonpsychiatric control subjects.
    • Patients with mania exhibited significantly higher LDH levels (229.0 +/- 106.1 IU/l) compared to controls (191 +/- 41.7 IU/l), with a 14% incidence of abnormally high LDH in manic patients versus 1% in controls.
    • Results remained consistent even when excluding patients taking neuroleptic medications.

    Conclusions:

    • Psychiatric illness, particularly mania, is associated with the release of LDH and SGOT into the serum, sometimes to unusually high levels.
    • The release of these enzymes is likely linked to skeletal muscle involvement, potentially due to agitation, muscle tension, or local tissue hypoxia from hypoactivity.
    • These findings support the hypothesis of physiological disturbances, including skeletal muscle effects, accompanying psychiatric conditions.