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Related Concept Videos

Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Rate-Programmed I01:22

Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Rate-Programmed I

Rate-programmed drug delivery systems (DDS) are designed to release drugs at specific, controlled rates to maintain consistent therapeutic levels. These systems are categorized based on their release mechanisms, including dissolution-controlled DDS, diffusion-controlled DDS, and combined dissolution-diffusion-controlled DDS.In dissolution-controlled DDS, the release rate depends on the slow dissolution of the drug itself or the surrounding matrix. Drugs with inherently slow dissolution rates,...
Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Rate-Programmed II01:19

Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Rate-Programmed II

Rate-programmed drug delivery systems release drugs in a controlled manner to maintain therapeutic levels. Three main designs include reservoir, matrix, and hybrid systems.Reservoir systems consist of a drug core enclosed within a membrane that controls drug release. In non-swelling reservoir systems, polymers like ethyl cellulose or polymethacrylates are used. These do not hydrate in aqueous media and control release through membrane thickness, porosity, or insolubility. This type includes...
Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Classification01:23

Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Classification

Modified-release drug delivery systems improve drug efficacy and minimize side effects by controlling the rate and location of drug release. These systems fall into three categories: rate-programmed, stimuli-activated, and site-targeted.Rate-programmed systems release drugs at a predetermined rate, maintaining consistent therapeutic levels and reducing fluctuations that could lead to toxicity or subtherapeutic effects. These systems use polymeric matrices, reservoir-based designs, or osmotic...
Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Drug Release Characteristics01:22

Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Drug Release Characteristics

Drug release from modified-release dosage forms is designed to achieve specific therapeutic effects by controlling the rate and extent of drug release. The classification of these drug release systems is based on key pharmacokinetic assumptions: drug disposition follows first-order kinetics, drug release is the rate-limiting step in absorption, and the released drug is rapidly and completely absorbed.There are four major models of drug release patterns. The first model is the slow zero-order...
Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Influencing Factors01:20

Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Influencing Factors

Modified-release drug delivery systems are designed to optimize the therapeutic effect of drugs by minimizing side effects, reducing the dosage required, and controlling drug release to align with pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic needs. The system depends on two key factors: the drug's release from the formulation and its movement through the body to the target site. Unlike conventional dosage forms, where absorption is the limiting step, the rate of drug release is the key determinant in...
Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Overview01:19

Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Overview

Modified-release dosage forms are designed to address the limitations of drugs with short biological half-lives. These forms maintain stable therapeutic drug concentrations over extended periods, reducing the need for frequent dosing. A consistent drug level helps minimize peak-trough fluctuations, which can reduce adverse effects, lower the risk of drug resistance, and improve overall treatment effectiveness.One common type of modified-release form is the extended-release (ER) formulation. ER...

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Development and Characterization of Fusidic Acid-Loaded Alginate-Aloe vera Based Hydrogel Film
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Formulation and characterization of modified release tablets containing isoniazid using swellable polymers.

M F Akhtar1, M Rabbani, A Sharif

  • 1Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan.

African Journal of Traditional, Complementary, and Alternative Medicines : AJTCAM
|April 3, 2012
PubMed
Summary

Modified release isoniazid tablets were developed using polyvinyl acetate (PVAc) and sodium-carboxymethylcellulose (Na-CMC). Specific polymer ratios achieved zero-order drug release, indicating potential for controlled delivery of water-soluble drugs.

Keywords:
IsoniazidModified release tabletsPolyvinyl acetateSodium-carboxymethylcellulose

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Area of Science:

  • Pharmaceutical Sciences
  • Drug Delivery Systems
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Isoniazid is a crucial first-line anti-tuberculosis drug.
  • Achieving optimal drug release profiles is essential for effective tuberculosis treatment.
  • Modified-release formulations can improve patient compliance and therapeutic outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop swellable modified-release (MR) isoniazid tablets.
  • To investigate the influence of polyvinyl acetate (PVAc) and sodium-carboxymethylcellulose (Na-CMC) combinations on drug release.
  • To achieve a zero-order release profile for isoniazid.

Main Methods:

  • Granules prepared via moist granulation, then compressed into tablets.
  • In vitro release studies conducted over 12 hours in various pH dissolution media (1.2, 4.5, 7.0, 7.5).
  • Drug release kinetics analyzed using Korsmeyer-Peppas modeling.

Main Results:

  • All formulations exhibited good physical tablet quality.
  • Increased polymer content enhanced drug release retardation.
  • A formulation with 35% polymer content and a PVAc to Na-CMC ratio of 20:80 demonstrated zero-order release kinetics.
  • Non-Fickian transport was identified as the primary release mechanism.

Conclusions:

  • PVAc and Na-CMC combinations are effective in developing swellable MR isoniazid tablets.
  • A specific ratio of PVAc to Na-CMC can achieve zero-order drug release.
  • This approach shows feasibility for formulating zero-order release tablets of water-soluble drugs like isoniazid.