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Related Concept Videos

Muscles of the Shoulder01:23

Muscles of the Shoulder

The muscles surrounding the shoulder girdle, including the clavicle and scapula, primarily stabilize the scapula. This stable base allows other muscles to move the humerus effectively. Scapular movements often mirror those of the humerus and extend its range of motion. For instance, raising the arm above the head would not be feasible without simultaneous upward rotation of the scapula.
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Bones of the Upper Limb: Humerus01:19

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The upper limb consists of the arm, forearm, wrist, and hand bones. The humerus is the single bone of the upper arm region. Proximally, it has a large, spherical, smooth head that articulates with the glenoid cavity of the scapula to form the glenohumeral or shoulder joint. The margin of the head is the anatomical neck, a residual epiphyseal plate. Laterally it extends to form bony projections called the greater tubercle and the lesser tubercle. Next to the tubercles is the surgical neck, a...

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Published on: July 5, 2011

The throwing shoulder: the orthopedist perspective.

Randy M Cohn1, Laith M Jazrawi

  • 1Orthopaedic Surgery, New York University Hospital for Joint Diseases, 301 East 17th Street, Suite 1402, New York, NY 10016, USA.

Magnetic Resonance Imaging Clinics of North America
|April 4, 2012
PubMed
Summary

Throwing athletes face shoulder injuries due to extreme motion and repetitive stress. Understanding throwing biomechanics is crucial for orthopedic specialists to treat injuries and enable athletes to return to competition.

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Area of Science:

  • Orthopedic Surgery
  • Sports Medicine
  • Biomechanics

Background:

  • The throwing motion involves extreme shoulder range of motion, high velocities, and repetitive stress.
  • These factors place throwing athletes at significant risk for various shoulder pathologies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To emphasize the importance of understanding throwing biomechanics for orthopedic care.
  • To outline the goal of orthopedic treatment and rehabilitation for throwing athletes.

Main Methods:

  • Review of the biomechanics of the throwing cycle.
  • Analysis of injury mechanisms during each phase of the throwing motion.

Main Results:

  • The throwing motion inherently creates stress on the shoulder joint.
  • Specific phases of the throwing cycle are associated with distinct injury risks.

Conclusions:

  • Orthopedic surgeons must comprehend throwing biomechanics to effectively manage shoulder injuries.
  • Successful rehabilitation aims to return athletes to their preinjury performance level symptom-free.