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Related Concept Videos

Prochirality02:05

Prochirality

The concept of prochirality leads to the nomenclature of the individual faces of a molecule and plays a crucial role in the enantioselective reaction. It is a concept where two or more achiral molecules react to produce chiral products. A typical process is the reaction of an achiral ketone to generate a chiral alcohol. Here, the achiral reactant reacts with an achiral reducing agent, sodium borohydride, to generate an equimolar mixture of the chiral enantiomers of the product. For example, an...
Chirality02:25

Chirality

Chirality is a term that describes the lack of mirror symmetry in an object. In other words, chiral objects cannot be superposed on their mirror images. For example, our feet are chiral, as the mirror image of the left foot, the right foot, cannot be superposed on the left foot.
Chiral objects exhibit a sense of handedness when they interact with another chiral object. For example, our left foot can only fit in the left shoe and not in the right shoe. Achiral objects — objects that have...
Chirality in Nature02:30

Chirality in Nature

Chirality is the most intriguing yet essential facet of nature, governing life’s biochemical processes and precision. It can be observed from a snail shell pattern in a macroscopic world to an amino acid, the minutest building block of life. Most of the snails around the world have right-coiled shells because of the intrinsic chirality in their genes. All the amino acids present in the human body exist in an enantiomerically pure state, except for glycine - the sole achiral amino acid. The...
Chirality at Nitrogen, Phosphorus, and Sulfur02:30

Chirality at Nitrogen, Phosphorus, and Sulfur

Chirality is most prevalent in carbon-based tetrahedral compounds, but this important facet of molecular symmetry extends to sp3-hybridized nitrogen, phosphorus and sulfur centers, including trivalent molecules with lone pairs. Here, the lone pair behaves as a functional group in addition to the other three substituents to form an analogous tetrahedral center that can be chiral.
A consequence of chirality is the need for enantiomeric resolution. While this is theoretically possible for all...
Molecules with Multiple Chiral Centers02:25

Molecules with Multiple Chiral Centers

Molecules that possess multiple chiral centers can afford a large number of stereoisomers. For instance, while some molecules like 2-butanol have one chiral center, defined as a tetrahedral carbon atom with four different substituents attached, several molecules like butane-2,3-diol have multiple chiral centers. A simple formula to predict the number of stereoisomers possible for a molecule with n chiral centers is 2n. However, there can be a lower number where some of the stereoisomers are...
Radicals: Electronic Structure and Geometry01:07

Radicals: Electronic Structure and Geometry

This lesson delves into the geometry of a radical, which is influenced by the electronic structure of the molecule. The principle is similar to that of a lone pair, where the unpaired electron influences the geometry at the radical center.
Accordingly, the structure of a trivalent radical lies between the geometries of carbocations and carbanions. An sp2-hybridized carbocation is trigonal planar, while an sp3-hybridized carbanion is trigonal pyramidal. Here, the difference in geometry is...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 23, 2026

Optimized Fabrication Procedure for High-Quality Graphene-based Moir&#233; Superlattice Devices
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Chirality effect in disordered graphene ribbon junctions.

Wen Long1

  • 1Department of Physics, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, People's Republic of China. longwen@mail.cnu.edu.cn

Journal of Physics. Condensed Matter : an Institute of Physics Journal
|April 4, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Edge chirality significantly impacts electronic transport in clean graphene ribbons but becomes negligible in disordered ribbons under magnetic fields. This finding simplifies future device fabrication based on graphene ribbon magnetotransport.

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Area of Science:

  • Condensed matter physics
  • Materials science
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Graphene ribbons exhibit unique electronic properties influenced by edge structure.
  • Understanding edge chirality's role in electronic transport is crucial for device applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the influence of edge chirality on electronic transport in clean and disordered graphene ribbon junctions.
  • To determine the conditions under which edge chirality effects can be neglected in device design.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized the tight-binding model to simulate graphene ribbon junctions.
  • Applied the Landauer-Büttiker formalism to calculate junction conductance.
  • Analyzed transport properties in both clean and disordered samples under varying magnetic fields.

Main Results:

  • In clean ribbons, zero-field conductance is chirality-dependent, while high-field conductance shows mixed dependence (chirality-independent in unipolar, dependent in bipolar).
  • In disordered ribbons with sufficient disorder, junction conductance becomes chirality-insensitive.
  • Disorder-induced conductance plateaus are observed in chiral bipolar ribbons with moderate disorder.

Conclusions:

  • Edge chirality's influence on magnetotransport in graphene ribbons diminishes significantly with disorder.
  • Device fabrication for electronic applications based on magnetotransport in disordered graphene ribbons can disregard edge chirality effects.