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A Procedure to Study the Effect of Prolonged Food Restriction on Heroin Seeking in Abstinent Rats
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Reinforcer devaluation by extinction depends on the food restriction protocol.

Tyson W Baker1, Ronald G Weisman, Richard J Beninger

  • 1Department of Psychology, Queen's University, 62 Arch Street, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada.

Behavioural Processes
|April 4, 2012
PubMed
Summary

New learning, through extinction, can devalue conditioned reinforcers. However, the effectiveness of this devaluation in rats depends heavily on the specific food restriction method used, impacting interpretations of reinforcer devaluation studies.

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Area of Science:

  • Behavioral neuroscience
  • Animal behavior

Background:

  • Reinforcer devaluation studies investigate how changes in an unconditioned reinforcer's value affect behavior controlled by its associated conditioned reinforcer.
  • New associative learning is a common mechanism for inducing such devaluation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of extinction in inducing conditioned reinforcer devaluation within a heterogeneous chain schedule.
  • To examine how different food restriction protocols influence the effectiveness of conditioned reinforcer devaluation.

Main Methods:

  • Rats were trained on a heterogeneous chain schedule where lever pressing produced a light (conditioned reinforcer) signaling food availability.
  • Extinction of chain pulling was used to induce new learning about the conditioned reinforcer.
  • Two food restriction methods were compared: daily 1-hour meal duration and 80% body weight restriction.

Main Results:

  • Extinction successfully produced conditioned reinforcer devaluation, irrespective of the food reinforcement density schedule (continuous vs. variable-ratio).
  • Meal duration restriction resulted in greater devaluation effects on lever pressing compared to body weight restriction.
  • Body weight restriction significantly diminished or eliminated the devaluation effect.

Conclusions:

  • The effectiveness of conditioned reinforcer devaluation is sensitive to the specific food restriction procedure employed.
  • Differences in food restriction protocols can lead to divergent interpretations of devaluation effects, even when underlying associative learning remains intact.
  • Meal duration restriction may be more effective in producing devaluation effects due to its greater impact on reducing body weight.