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Biopharmaceutical potential of lichens
Vasudeo P Zambare1, Lew P Christopher
1Center for Bioprocessing Research and Development, South Dakota School of Mines and Technology, Rapid City, SD 57701-3995, USA.
Pharmaceutical Biology
|April 5, 2012
Summary
Lichens, symbiotic organisms found in extreme environments, are a rich source of bioactive compounds. Research highlights their potential for novel pharmaceutical applications due to diverse medicinal properties.
Area of Science:
- Mycology
- Botany
- Biochemistry
Background:
- Lichens are composite organisms, a symbiosis between fungi (mycobionts) and photosynthetic partners (phytobionts).
- Their unique physiology and biochemistry differ significantly from isolated components.
- They thrive in extreme environments, presenting unique biochemical adaptations.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review current research on lichen bioactive compounds.
- To explore their use in traditional medicine and biopharmaceutical applications.
- To assess commercialization potential of lichen-derived products.
Main Methods:
- Comprehensive literature review utilizing major scientific databases.
- Compilation of 188 references and 10 illustrations.
- Analysis of trends in lichen research and development.
Main Results:
- Detailed review of lichen morphology, symbiosis, and diversity.
- Summarized bioactivities include enzyme inhibition, antimicrobial, antifungal, antiviral, anticancer, anti-insecticidal, and antioxidant properties.
- Emphasis on recent progress and commercialization potential.
Conclusions:
- Lichens represent an underexplored reservoir of industrially significant biological activities.
- Lichen-derived compounds show promise as antimicrobial, antioxidant, and cytotoxic agents.
- Further exploration is crucial for developing new biopharmaceutical formulations and technologies.
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