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Related Concept Videos

Qualitative Analysis03:46

Qualitative Analysis

For solutions containing mixtures of different cations, the identity of each cation can be determined by qualitative analysis. This technique involves a series of selective precipitations with different chemical reagents, each reaction producing a characteristic precipitate for a specific group of cations. Metal ions within a group are further separated by varying the pH, heating the mixture to redissolve a precipitate, or adding other reagents to form complex ions.
For instance, group IV...
Structure of Amines01:19

Structure of Amines

The hybridized nitrogen atom in amines possesses a lone pair of electrons and is bound to three substituents with a bond angle of around 108°, which is less than the tetrahedral angle of 109.5°. However, the C–N–H bond angle is slightly larger at 112°, with a carbon–nitrogen bond length of 147 pm. This carbon–nitrogen bond length of of amines is longer than the carbon–oxygen bond of alcohols (143 pm) but shorter than alkanes’ carbon–carbon bond (154 pm). These aspects are illustrated in Figure...
NMR Spectroscopy Of Amines01:19

NMR Spectroscopy Of Amines

In proton NMR spectroscopy, primary amines and secondary amines showcase their N–H protons as a broad signal in the chemical shift range between δ 0.5 and 5 ppm. The exact position in this range depends on several factors, including sample concentration, hydrogen bonding, and the type of solvent used. Since amine protons undergo fast proton exchange in solution, the protons are labile and therefore do not participate in any splitting with adjacent protons. Thus, the observed peak is broad and...

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Updated: May 23, 2026

Engineering Molecular Recognition with Bio-mimetic Polymers on Single Walled Carbon Nanotubes
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Engineering Molecular Recognition with Bio-mimetic Polymers on Single Walled Carbon Nanotubes

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Cavitand-functionalized SWCNTs for N-methylammonium detection.

Marco Dionisio1, Jan M Schnorr, Vladimir K Michaelis

  • 1Department of Chemistry and Institute for Soldier Nanotechnologies, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA.

Journal of the American Chemical Society
|April 6, 2012
PubMed
Summary

Functionalized single-walled carbon nanotubes detect specific compounds in water. These novel sensors show high selectivity for sarcosine and its derivatives, offering a new tool for chemical sensing.

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Qualitative Identification of Carboxylic Acids, Boronic Acids, and Amines Using Cruciform Fluorophores
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Qualitative Identification of Carboxylic Acids, Boronic Acids, and Amines Using Cruciform Fluorophores

Published on: August 19, 2013

Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Nanotechnology
  • Analytical Chemistry

Background:

  • Single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) are promising nanomaterials with unique electronic properties.
  • Functionalization of SWCNTs can impart specific recognition capabilities for sensing applications.
  • Cavitand receptors offer high selectivity for guest molecules.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and characterize novel chemiresistive sensors based on functionalized SWCNTs.
  • To investigate the selective detection of N-methylammonium species in aqueous solutions.
  • To evaluate the performance of these sensors for detecting sarcosine and its derivatives.

Main Methods:

  • Functionalization of SWCNTs with tetraphosphonate cavitand receptors.
  • Analysis of molecular binding using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS).
  • Confirmation of binding via (31)P Magic Angle Spinning Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (MAS NMR) spectroscopy.
  • Chemiresistive sensing measurements to assess conductance changes upon analyte exposure.

Main Results:

  • Successful functionalization of SWCNTs with tetraphosphonate cavitands.
  • Demonstrated selective binding of N-methylammonium species.
  • Cavitand-functionalized SWCNTs exhibited chemiresistive sensing capabilities.
  • High selectivity for sarcosine and its ethyl ester hydrochloride detected at concentrations as low as 0.02 mM.
  • Distinguished response (increased conductance) to target analytes compared to interferents (decreased conductance).

Conclusions:

  • Tetraphosphonate cavitand-functionalized SWCNTs serve as effective chemiresistive sensors.
  • The developed sensors demonstrate high selectivity and sensitivity for detecting sarcosine and related compounds in water.
  • This approach offers a promising platform for selective chemical sensing applications.