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Concepts, consequences, and implications of theranosis
Gerald L DeNardo1, Sally J DeNardo
1Department of Internal Medicine, University of California at Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA. gldenardo@gmail.com
Seminars in Nuclear Medicine
|April 6, 2012
Summary
Theranosis tailors medical treatment using diagnostic tests to match patients with effective drugs and doses. Advanced molecular imaging and genomics enable personalized therapies, improving patient outcomes and avoiding ineffective treatments.
Area of Science:
- Nuclear medicine and molecular imaging
- Oncology
- Pharmacology
Background:
- Theranosis, the tailoring of medical therapy to individual patients, has roots in clinical practice for over 50 years.
- Modern advancements in technology have significantly enhanced the capabilities and applications of theranosis.
- The core principle involves using diagnostic tests to select optimal drugs or assess treatment efficacy.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the historical context and evolution of theranosis.
- To highlight key technologies and examples of theranosis in clinical practice.
- To emphasize the benefits of personalized medicine in optimizing therapeutic strategies.
Main Methods:
- Review of established theranostic applications, including radioiodine therapy for thyroid conditions and radioimmunotherapy for non-Hodgkin lymphoma.
- Discussion of emerging technologies such as personalized genomics, proteomics, and molecular imaging.
- Exploration of molecular imaging techniques like (18)F-fluoro-2-deoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography for assessing metabolic activity.
Main Results:
- Radioiodine therapy for thyroid cancer and radioimmunotherapy for non-Hodgkin lymphoma are proven examples of successful theranosis.
- Smaller molecules like peptides and aptamers show promise for targeted drug delivery, mimicking monoclonal antibody specificity.
- (18)F-FDG imaging aids in stratifying cancer patients based on metabolic activity, predicting response to therapy and avoiding futile treatments.
Conclusions:
- Theranosis represents a shift towards individualized patient care, ensuring effective drug selection and dosage.
- Advanced molecular imaging and diagnostic tools are crucial for stratifying patients and predicting treatment response.
- Personalized approaches in medicine, driven by theranosis, promise to enhance treatment efficacy and minimize adverse events.
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