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A head-to-head comparison between virtual reality and physical reality simulation training for basic skills

Constantinos Loukas1, Nikolaos Nikiteas, Dimitrios Schizas

  • 1Medical Physics Lab-Simulation Center, Medical School, University of Athens, 75 Mikras Asias str., 11527 Athens, Greece. cloukas@med.uoa.gr

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Summary

Basic laparoscopic skills learned on virtual reality simulators (LapVR™) transfer to standard video trainers (VT) and vice versa. While skills are transferable, performance may not be equivalent across modalities.

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Area of Science:

  • Surgical Education
  • Medical Simulation
  • Laparoscopic Training

Background:

  • Investigating skill transferability between virtual reality (VR) and standard video trainers (VT) is crucial for surgical education.
  • Assessing the interchangeability of basic laparoscopic skills acquired through different simulation modalities.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine if basic laparoscopic skills acquired on the LapVR™ simulator are transferable to a standard VT, and vice versa.
  • To evaluate the effectiveness of cross-modal skill acquisition in novice laparoscopic surgeons.

Main Methods:

  • Forty-four novices were randomized into two groups, training on either LapVR™ or VT for peg transfer, cutting, and knot-tying tasks.
  • Skills transferability was assessed using a crossover design, evaluating performance on the alternative modality before and after training.
  • Performance metrics included path length, time, and penalty scores.

Main Results:

  • Both LapVR™ and VT training led to significant performance improvements (p < 0.05) for all tasks and metrics.
  • Skills acquired on one modality showed significant improvement when tested on the alternative modality (p < 0.05).
  • While penalty scores were equivalent across modalities, differences in time and path length were observed for cutting and knot-tying, but not for peg transfer time.

Conclusions:

  • Both virtual reality and standard video trainers significantly enhance novice laparoscopic skills.
  • Laparoscopic skills are transferable between LapVR™ and VT simulators.
  • Training on one modality does not guarantee equivalent performance on the other, suggesting modality-specific nuances.