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Related Concept Videos

Language and Cognition01:27

Language and Cognition

Language serves as a bridge between ideas and communication, influencing how individuals perceive and interact with the world. Psychologists have long debated whether language shapes thought or vice versa. This discussion gained grip with Edward Sapir and Benjamin Lee Whorf in the 1940s, who proposed that language determines thought, a concept known as linguistic determinism. They suggested that the vocabulary and structure of a language influence how its speakers think and perceive reality.
Locus of Control01:26

Locus of Control

Locus of control describes how individuals perceive the causes of events in their lives, influencing motivation and well-being. Introduced by Julian Rotter in 1954, it is categorized into internal and external locus of control.Internal Locus of ControlIndividuals with an internal locus of control believe their actions determine outcomes, fostering responsibility, self-efficacy, and motivation. For example, an employee may attribute career success to hard work. Research links this mindset to...
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Impact of Social Context on Individuals

Social psychology examines how the real or imagined presence of others influences individuals' thoughts, feelings, and behaviors. A key concept in this field is the role of social context in shaping behavior. The same individual may act differently depending on the social setting, due to the varying expectations and norms associated with each environment. This context-dependent behavior illustrates the influence of social roles, which prescribe appropriate conduct in specific situations.Social...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 23, 2026

Examining Bilingual Language Control Using the Stroop Task
05:31

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Published on: February 26, 2020

Role of contextual control in second language performance.

Yukiko Washio1, Ramona Houmanfar

  • 1University of Nevada, Reno.

The Analysis of Verbal Behavior
|April 6, 2012
PubMed
Summary

Training bilingual individuals in a new language can be less effective when transitioning to natural environments. Changes in environmental stimuli significantly impact second language performance, affecting accuracy and response speed.

Area of Science:

  • Psycholinguistics
  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Second Language Acquisition

Background:

  • Effective second language acquisition requires understanding how training environments influence performance.
  • Bilingual individuals may experience challenges when transferring learned language skills from controlled settings to real-world contexts.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of environmental stimulus changes on the language performance of bilingual individuals.
  • To determine if alterations in contextual stimuli affect second language proficiency.

Main Methods:

  • A matching procedure using Japanese and English words was employed.
  • Differential conditioning was utilized with two types of contextual stimuli.
  • Stimuli complexity and variation were systematically manipulated across phases.

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Eye Tracking During Visually Situated Language Comprehension: Flexibility and Limitations in Uncovering Visual Context Effects
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Modeling Verbal Behavior Deficits with the Stimulus Control Ratio Equation, SCoRE
06:57

Modeling Verbal Behavior Deficits with the Stimulus Control Ratio Equation, SCoRE

Published on: May 14, 2019

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 23, 2026

Examining Bilingual Language Control Using the Stroop Task
05:31

Examining Bilingual Language Control Using the Stroop Task

Published on: February 26, 2020

Eye Tracking During Visually Situated Language Comprehension: Flexibility and Limitations in Uncovering Visual Context Effects
07:36

Eye Tracking During Visually Situated Language Comprehension: Flexibility and Limitations in Uncovering Visual Context Effects

Published on: November 30, 2018

Modeling Verbal Behavior Deficits with the Stimulus Control Ratio Equation, SCoRE
06:57

Modeling Verbal Behavior Deficits with the Stimulus Control Ratio Equation, SCoRE

Published on: May 14, 2019

Main Results:

  • A decrease in percent correct responses was observed for 11 out of 14 participants when contextual stimuli became more subtle.
  • Average response latency increased as the number of variations in contextual stimuli grew.
  • These results indicate a negative influence on second language performance due to environmental changes.

Conclusions:

  • Environmental stimuli play a significant role in the training and performance of second languages.
  • The transition from instructional to natural environments can negatively affect bilinguals' language skills.
  • Future second language training protocols should consider the impact of environmental context.