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Related Concept Videos

Angle Closure Glaucoma: Treatment01:28

Angle Closure Glaucoma: Treatment

Angle-closure glaucoma, or closed-angle glaucoma, is an eye condition where the iris bulges out and blocks the iridocorneal angle, resulting in a buildup of aqueous humor and increased intraocular pressure. Immediate medical attention is necessary due to the sudden onset of symptoms. The treatment for angle-closure glaucoma includes short-term and long-term approaches. Short-term treatment involves using eye drops like pilocarpine to lower intraocular pressure by increasing aqueous humor...
Open Angle Glaucoma: Treatment01:27

Open Angle Glaucoma: Treatment

In open-angle glaucoma, the iridocorneal angle remains open, but the trabecular meshwork becomes stiff, slowing down the outflow of aqueous humor. This causes a buildup of aqueous humor in the anterior chamber, leading to a sudden increase in intraocular pressure. The treatment for open-angle glaucoma focuses on reducing the elevated intraocular pressure by either decreasing the secretion of aqueous humor or increasing its outflow.
Drugs such as carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, α2- and...
Glaucoma: Overview01:25

Glaucoma: Overview

Glaucoma is an eye condition characterized by increased intraocular pressure that damages the retina and optic nerve, leading to irreversible blindness if left untreated. The human eye has various components, including the cornea, iris, pupil, lens, and optic nerve. Aqueous humor is secreted by the epithelium of the ciliary body in the posterior chamber and flows through the trabecular meshwork and canal of Schlemm, maintaining normal intraocular pressure. The trabecular meshwork and the canal...
Acute Coronary Syndrome I: Introduction01:30

Acute Coronary Syndrome I: Introduction

Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS) encompasses a spectrum of heart conditions caused by sudden obstruction of coronary arteries, typically resulting from the rupture of an atherosclerotic plaque and subsequent thrombus (blood clot) formation. This obstruction can lead to partial or complete blockage of blood flow, causing varying degrees of myocardial ischemia or infarction.ACS includes the following clinical entities:Unstable Angina (UA)Non-ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction (NSTEMI)ST-Elevation...
Antianginal Drugs: Nitrates and β-Blockers01:16

Antianginal Drugs: Nitrates and β-Blockers

In cardiovascular health, antianginal drugs combat angina pectoris — a condition marked by chest pain owing to diminished blood flow to the heart.
Organic nitrates,  such as nitroglycerin, play a pivotal role. Once metabolized, they liberate nitric oxide, a molecular marvel. Nitric oxide triggers guanylyl cyclase and augments cGMP production. This biochemical cascade orchestrates the relaxation of vascular smooth muscles, ushering in vasodilation and enhancing coronary blood flow. Administered...
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Cholinergic Antagonists: Pharmacokinetics

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Related Experiment Videos

Medication-induced acute angle closure attack.

Jimmy S M Lai1, Rita A Gangwani

  • 1Eye Institute, The University of Hong Kong, Room 301, Level 3, Block B, 100 Cyberport Road, Cyberport 4, Hong Kong. laism@hku.hk

Hong Kong Medical Journal = Xianggang Yi Xue Za Zhi
|April 6, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Certain medications, both topical eye drops and systemic drugs, can trigger acute angle closure attacks. Awareness is crucial for predisposed individuals to prevent this potentially blinding condition.

Related Experiment Videos

Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Pharmacology
  • Clinical Medicine

Background:

  • Acute angle closure is a serious eye condition that can lead to vision loss.
  • Medications are known to induce various ocular side effects.
  • Identifying drug-induced causes of acute angle closure is critical for patient management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To comprehensively review and synthesize existing literature on acute angle closure attacks.
  • To identify specific local and systemic medications that precipitate acute angle closure.
  • To highlight the importance of medication awareness in predisposed individuals.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic literature search of PubMed up to August 2011.
  • Keywords used: "drug", "iatrogenic", "acute angle closure glaucoma".
  • Inclusion of 44 relevant articles detailing drug-induced acute angle closure.

Main Results:

  • Acute angle closure attacks can be triggered by pupillary dilation, ciliary body/iris changes, or iris-lens diaphragm displacement.
  • Both ophthalmic eyedrops and systemic medications (e.g., antihistamines, antiepileptics, mydriatics) can precipitate attacks.
  • Individuals with a predisposition to angle closure are at higher risk.

Conclusions:

  • Acute angle closure is a potentially blinding condition requiring vigilance.
  • Healthcare providers must be aware of medications that can induce attacks in susceptible patients.
  • Prompt diagnosis and management are essential to prevent vision loss.