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Related Concept Videos

Statistical Significance01:37

Statistical Significance

Once data is collected from both the experimental and the control groups, a statistical analysis is conducted to find out if there are meaningful differences between the two groups. A statistical analysis determines how likely any difference found is due to chance (and thus not meaningful). In psychology, group differences are considered meaningful, or significant, if the odds that these differences occurred by chance alone are 5 percent or less. Stated another way, if we repeated this...
Naturalistic Observations02:30

Naturalistic Observations

If you want to understand how behavior occurs, one of the best ways to gain information is to simply observe the behavior in its natural context. However, people might change their behavior in unexpected ways if they know they are being observed. How do researchers obtain accurate information when people tend to hide their natural behavior? As an example, imagine that your professor asks everyone in your class to raise their hand if they always wash their hands after using the restroom. Chances...
Statistical Inference Techniques in Hypothesis Testing: Parametric Versus Nonparametric Data01:16

Statistical Inference Techniques in Hypothesis Testing: Parametric Versus Nonparametric Data

Statistical inference techniques, paramount in hypothesis testing, differentiate into two broad categories: parametric and nonparametric statistics.
Parametric statistics, as the name suggests, assumes that data follow a specific distribution, often a normal distribution. This assumption enables robust hypothesis testing and estimation. Parametric methods, like the Student's t-test or Goodness-of-fit test, are frequently employed in biostatistics due to their robustness. For instance, comparing...
Regression Toward the Mean01:52

Regression Toward the Mean

Regression toward the mean (“RTM”) is a phenomenon in which extremely high or low values—for example, and individual’s blood pressure at a particular moment—appear closer to a group’s average upon remeasuring. Although this statistical peculiarity is the result of random error and chance, it has been problematic across various medical, scientific, financial and psychological applications. In particular, RTM, if not taken into account, can interfere when researchers try to extrapolate results...
Behavior Modification01:21

Behavior Modification

Behavioral approaches have often been criticized for ignoring mental processes and focusing solely on observable behavior. However, these approaches provide an optimistic perspective for individuals seeking to change their behaviors. Rather than concentrating on intrinsic personality traits, behavioral approaches suggest that even longstanding habits can be modified by changing the reward contingencies that maintain them.
A real-world application of operant conditioning principles is applied...
Behaviorism01:28

Behaviorism

The field of behaviorism was pioneered by figures such as Ivan Pavlov, John B. Watson, and B.F. Skinner fundamentally shifted the focus of psychology to the observable and controllable aspects of human and animal behavior. This shift marked a critical evolution in the discipline, emphasizing scientific rigor and experimental methodology.
The core premise of behaviorism is its focus on observable behavior rather than internal thoughts or feelings. This approach argues that true scientific...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 23, 2026

A System for Tracking the Dynamics of Social Preference Behavior in Small Rodents
08:38

A System for Tracking the Dynamics of Social Preference Behavior in Small Rodents

Published on: November 21, 2019

Statistical inference in behavior analysis: Friend or foe?

A Baron

    The Behavior Analyst
    |April 6, 2012
    PubMed
    Summary

    Behavior analysts debate the use of inferential statistics in research. While traditionally excluded, statistical methods are increasingly used in behavior analysis, prompting ongoing discussion.

    Area of Science:

    • Behavior Analysis
    • Scientific Research Methodology

    Background:

    • Traditional behavior analysis, as per Sidman (1960), excluded inferential statistics.
    • Focus on steady-state behavior of individual organisms historically minimized statistical inference.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To address the ongoing debate on the role of inferential statistics in behavioral research.
    • To discuss the increasing integration of statistical techniques in behavior analysis.

    Main Methods:

    • Discussion of a panel held at the 24th annual convention of the Association for Behavior Analysis (May 1998).
    • Review of publications in the Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior.

    Main Results:

    • Evidence of increasing use of inferential statistics in behavior analysis publications.

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    A System for Tracking the Dynamics of Social Preference Behavior in Small Rodents
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  • Ongoing debate among behavior analysts regarding the appropriate application of statistical methods.

    • Conclusions:

    • The role of inferential statistics in behavior analysis remains a topic of discussion.
    • The field is experiencing a gradual shift, with statistical techniques becoming more prevalent.