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06:33
Decomposing the Variance in Reading Comprehension to Reveal the Unique and Common Effects of Language and Decoding
Published on: October 11, 2018
Summary
This study re-examines the concept of values, challenging the traditional fact-value distinction. It proposes that values, like facts, arise from environmental-behavior interactions, offering a behavioral analysis of values.
Area of Science:
- Psychology
- Behavioral Science
- Philosophy of Science
Background:
- The traditional distinction between facts and values in science has been historically debated.
- Philosophical pragmatism and B.F. Skinner's radical behaviorism offer alternative perspectives.
- Skinner's radical behaviorism posits that both facts and values stem from environmental-behavior interactions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To challenge the traditional fact-value distinction in scientific and psychological perspectives.
- To analyze values as behavioral phenomena, exploring their environmental and interactional basis.
- To provide a framework for behavior analysis to move beyond descriptive studies of values.
Main Methods:
- Review of philosophical pragmatism and radical behaviorism.
- Analysis of environment-behavior interaction contingencies related to values.
- Consideration of nonverbal and verbal contingencies influencing values.
Main Results:
- Values, similar to facts, can be understood as products of environmental-behavior contingencies.
- Both individual and cultural values are influenced by these interactional processes.
- Behavioral analysis offers a potential framework for understanding the functional variables of values.
Conclusions:
- The traditional fact-value distinction is challenged by a behavior-analytic perspective.
- Values can be scientifically analyzed as a function of environmental-behavior interactions.
- Behavior analysis can provide explanatory power for the variables underlying values.
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