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Related Concept Videos

Cognitive Dissonance01:38

Cognitive Dissonance

Social psychologists have documented that feeling good about ourselves and maintaining positive self-esteem is a powerful motivator of human behavior (Tavris & Aronson, 2008). In the United States, members of the predominant culture typically think very highly of themselves and view themselves as good people who are above average on many desirable traits (Ehrlinger, Gilovich, & Ross, 2005). Often, our behavior, attitudes, and beliefs are affected when we experience a threat to our...
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Attribution theory plays a crucial role in social psychology, helping to explain how individuals interpret the causes of behavior. One prominent model within this field is Harold Kelley's covariation theory, which provides a systematic approach to determining whether internal traits or external circumstances drive a person's actions. The model posits that individuals rely on three key types of information—consensus, consistency, and distinctiveness—to make these judgments.Consensus: Comparing...
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Social psychology examines the complex interplay between individual mental processes and social interactions. Historically, the field was divided into two domains: social behavior and social cognition. Researchers focusing on social behavior analyzed actions within social contexts, such as conformity, aggression, or cooperation. Meanwhile, social cognition researchers investigated how people perceive, interpret, and mentally represent their social environments. However, modern perspectives no...
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Hypothesis: Accept or Fail to Reject?

The outcome of any hypothesis testing leads to rejecting or not rejecting the null hypothesis. This decision is taken based on the analysis of the data, an appropriate test statistic, an appropriate confidence level, the critical values, and P-values. However, when the evidence suggests that the null hypothesis cannot be rejected, is it right to say, 'Accept' the null hypothesis?
There are two ways to indicate that the null hypothesis is not rejected. 'Accept' the null hypothesis and 'fail to...
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Correspondent inference theory, proposed by Jones and Davis in 1965, seeks to explain how individuals infer stable personality traits from observed behaviors. It suggests that people attribute actions to underlying dispositions rather than external circumstances, particularly when the behavior appears intentional and socially significant.Voluntary Behavior and Dispositional AttributionAccording to this theory, individuals are more likely to attribute behavior to personal traits when it appears...
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While variables are sometimes correlated because one does cause the other, it could also be that some other factor, a confounding variable, is actually causing the systematic movement in our variables of interest. For instance, as sales in ice cream increase, so does the overall rate of crime. Is it possible that indulging in your favorite flavor of ice cream could send you on a crime spree? Or, after committing crime do you think you might decide to treat yourself to a cone?

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 23, 2026

Using Eye Movements Recorded in the Visual World Paradigm to Explore the Online Processing of Spoken Language
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Using Eye Movements Recorded in the Visual World Paradigm to Explore the Online Processing of Spoken Language

Published on: October 13, 2018

Concurrent behavior: are the interpretations mutually exclusive?

D O Lyon1

  • 1Department of Psychology, Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo, Michigan, USA.

The Behavior Analyst
|April 6, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Distinguishing concurrent behaviors from schedule-controlled behavior is crucial. Experimental procedures are necessary to differentiate between interpretations like collateral, adjunctive, or superstitious behaviors.

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A Psychophysics Paradigm for the Collection and Analysis of Similarity Judgments
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Last Updated: May 23, 2026

Using Eye Movements Recorded in the Visual World Paradigm to Explore the Online Processing of Spoken Language
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Published on: March 1, 2022

Area of Science:

  • Behavioral science
  • Experimental psychology

Background:

  • Behavioral literature frequently documents behaviors occurring alongside reinforcement schedules.
  • These concurrent behaviors may be interpreted in various ways, including functionally autonomous, collateral, adjunctive, superstitious, or mediating.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the characteristics of different interpretations of concurrent behaviors.
  • To discuss the experimental procedures required to distinguish between these interpretations.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing experimental literature on concurrent behaviors and reinforcement schedules.
  • Analysis of experimental procedures used to differentiate behavioral interpretations.

Main Results:

  • Concurrent behaviors and schedule-controlled behaviors can be difficult to distinguish.
  • The interpretations of concurrent behaviors (e.g., collateral, adjunctive, superstitious) are not mutually exclusive without specific experimental differentiation.

Conclusions:

  • The various interpretations of concurrent behaviors are mutually exclusive and refer to distinct phenomena.
  • Distinguishing between any two specific interpretations necessitates the application of more than one experimental procedure.