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Related Concept Videos

Antiepileptic Drugs: Modulators of Neurotransmitter Release Mediated by SV2A Protein01:20

Antiepileptic Drugs: Modulators of Neurotransmitter Release Mediated by SV2A Protein

Antiepileptic drugs, such as levetiracetam (Keppra) and brivaracetam (Briviact), have emerged as crucial tools in managing epilepsy. These medications exert their therapeutic effects by targeting the synaptic vesicle protein SV2A, a transmembrane glycoprotein primarily found in the brain.
SV2A is a transmembrane glycoprotein located predominantly in the brain, modulating the release of neurotransmitters for neuronal communication. Both levetiracetam and brivaracetam exhibit a high affinity for...
Antiepileptic Drugs: Glutamate Antagonists01:14

Antiepileptic Drugs: Glutamate Antagonists

Glutamate is a fundamental neurotransmitter in the central nervous system, playing a vital role in neuronal communication and various cognitive processes. Glutamate stands as the principal excitatory neurotransmitter in the brain. Its presence is crucial for the communication between neurons, underpinning essential processes such as synaptic transmission, neuronal excitability, and plasticity. These functions are vital for higher-order cognitive processes, including learning and memory. The...
Antiepileptic Drugs: Potassium Channel Activators01:20

Antiepileptic Drugs: Potassium Channel Activators

Ezocgabine or retigabine, an antiepileptic drug of remarkable efficacy, has revolutionized the management of seizures. It is a potassium channel activator, explicitly targeting the family of Q subtype potassium channels. It enhances the transmembrane potassium currents, regulating neuronal excitability. This action stabilizes the resting membrane potential, a pivotal factor in mitigating the hyperexcitability that characterizes epilepsy.
Ezogabine has gained approval as an adjunctive treatment...
Antiepileptic Drugs: GABAergic Pathway Potentiators01:18

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γ-aminobutyric acid or GABA, plays a pivotal role as an inhibitory neurotransmitter in the brain. GABA pathway potentiators, also known as GABAergic drugs, are a class of pharmaceutical agents designed to enhance the functioning of the GABAergic system. These medications primarily treat epilepsy, a neurological disorder characterized by recurrent seizures.
The key GABA pathway potentiators used in epilepsy management are as follows.
Benzodiazepines are a well-known class of drugs used for their...
Antiepileptic Drugs: Sodium Channel Blockers01:08

Antiepileptic Drugs: Sodium Channel Blockers

Antiepileptic drugs are specialized medications that prevent seizures in individuals diagnosed with epilepsy. These drugs primarily function by blocking the movement of sodium ions through channels in the neuronal membrane, inhibiting the repetitive firing of action potentials often associated with seizures.
Sodium channel blockers modulate ion channels, particularly voltage-gated sodium channels. They block only sodium ion movement.
Among the most commonly prescribed antiepileptic drugs are...
Antiepileptic Drugs: Calcium Channel Blockers01:17

Antiepileptic Drugs: Calcium Channel Blockers

Calcium channel blockers, a class of antiepileptic drugs, regulate the flow of calcium ions within neurons.
Calcium channel blockers exert their antiepileptic effects by targeting T-type calcium channels, which are integral to transmitting nerve signals in the central nervous system. These channels allow the passage of calcium ions, which are vital for neuronal communication. By inhibiting T-type calcium channels, calcium channel blockers effectively reduce the release of neurotransmitters and...

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Updated: May 23, 2026

A Model for Epilepsy of Infectious Etiology using Theiler's Murine Encephalomyelitis Virus
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Levetiracetam.

Kavita Krishna1, Asawari L Raut, Kushal H Gohel

  • 1Department of Medicine, Bharati Vidyapeeth University Medical College & Hospital, Dhankawadi, Pune 411043, Maharashtra.

The Journal of the Association of Physicians of India
|April 7, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Levetiracetam (LEV) is an effective antiepileptic drug (AED) for partial onset seizures, offering a broad therapeutic window and fewer drug interactions. Its favorable pharmacokinetic and pharmacoeconomic profile makes it a valuable epilepsy management option.

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Area of Science:

  • Pharmacology
  • Neuroscience
  • Drug Discovery

Background:

  • Levetiracetam (LEV) is a novel antiepileptic drug (AED) approved by the FDA in 1999 for partial onset seizures.
  • LEV acts by binding to the synaptic vesicle protein SV2A.
  • Its approval in India occurred in April 2005.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the pharmacological and pharmacoeconomic aspects of Levetiracetam (LEV).
  • To highlight LEV's advantages over other antiepileptic drugs (AEDs).
  • To establish LEV as an important option in epilepsy management.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on Levetiracetam (LEV).
  • Analysis of LEV's pharmacokinetic properties, including protein binding and metabolism.
  • Evaluation of LEV's therapeutic window, adverse effects, and economic benefits.

Main Results:

  • Levetiracetam (LEV) exhibits favorable pharmacokinetics, with low protein binding and no hepatic metabolism, reducing drug interaction risks.
  • LEV demonstrates a broad therapeutic window, convenient dosing, and fewer adverse effects compared to other AEDs.
  • Pharmacoeconomic analysis indicates LEV is a beneficial drug.

Conclusions:

  • Levetiracetam (LEV) presents significant pharmacological advantages, including reduced drug interactions and a favorable side effect profile.
  • The convenient dosing and positive pharmacoeconomic aspects further enhance LEV's utility.
  • LEV is a valuable and important therapeutic option for managing various types of epilepsy.