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Defining disability: metaphysical not political.

Christopher A Riddle1

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The British social model of disability, while influential, is critiqued for neglecting individual impairments and potentially hindering resource allocation for disabled individuals. An interactional approach offers a more realistic framework for understanding disability experiences and advocating for justice.

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Area of Science:

  • Disability Studies
  • Sociology
  • Philosophy
  • Bioethics

Background:

  • Disability Studies faces a theoretical stalemate between British sociological and philosophical perspectives.
  • The dominant British social model views disability solely as social oppression, disregarding individual impairments.
  • An Interactional Approach considers both individual and contextual factors in disability experience.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To demonstrate that the limitations of the British social model now outweigh its benefits.
  • To argue that the British social model's literal interpretation implies disabled individuals require no impairment-specific health resources.
  • To clarify the flaws in British social model arguments and advocate for an interactional approach.

Main Methods:

  • Critical analysis of the British social model of disability.
  • Comparison between the British social model and the Interactional Approach.
  • Examination of theoretical arguments within Disability Studies.

Main Results:

  • The British social model's materialist tradition overlooks the significance of individual impairments.
  • The social model, taken literally, suggests disabled people do not need impairment-specific healthcare resources.
  • Existing interactional theories have not been refuted by British social model proponents.

Conclusions:

  • The British social model fails to provide a realistic account of disability experience.
  • An interactional approach is better suited for understanding disability and ensuring justice for disabled individuals.
  • Rethinking disability conceptualization is crucial for academic advancement and effective advocacy.