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Updated: May 23, 2026
08:33
An Ex vivo Culture System to Study Thyroid Development
Published on: June 6, 2014
Thyroid hormone receptors, cell growth and differentiation.
1Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas and Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Arturo Duperier 4, 28029 Madrid, Spain.
Biochimica Et Biophysica Acta
|April 10, 2012
Summary
Thyroid hormones (THs) regulate cell proliferation and differentiation through nuclear receptors, impacting tissue homeostasis and development. Their diverse effects on stem cells are crucial for organ formation and regeneration.
Area of Science:
- Endocrinology
- Molecular Biology
- Developmental Biology
Background:
- Tissue homeostasis relies on balancing cell proliferation and differentiation.
- Thyroid hormones (THs) influence cell cycle control and differentiation via nuclear receptors.
- TH actions can be direct transcriptional regulation or signaling pathway modulation.
Purpose of the Study:
- Review the role of thyroid hormone receptor isoforms in mammalian tissue growth and maturation.
- Summarize the latest findings on TH receptor involvement in stem and progenitor cell function.
- Explore TH actions in embryonic and adult stem cell proliferation and differentiation.
Main Methods:
- Literature review focusing on mammalian tissues.
- Analysis of studies on thyroid hormone receptor isoforms.
- Inclusion of recent research on stem cell regulation by TH receptors.
Main Results:
- TH actions are pleiotropic, with heterogeneous effects on proliferation and differentiation across cell types and developmental stages.
- Thyroid hormone receptors significantly impact stem/progenitor cell function.
- TH receptors play a role in embryonic and adult stem cell proliferation and differentiation.
Conclusions:
- Thyroid hormone receptors are potent regulators of cell proliferation and differentiation.
- THs and their receptors are critical for growth, development, tissue homeostasis, and cancer.
- Understanding TH receptor roles in stem cells offers insights into organogenesis and regeneration.
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