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Related Concept Videos

Intracellular Movement of Viruses and Bacteria01:10

Intracellular Movement of Viruses and Bacteria

Intracellular bacteria and viruses often comprise a group of highly infectious pathogens that can cause several diseases. Bacterial pathogens include those belonging to the genus Rickettsia responsible for conditions such as rocky mountain spotted fever and the Mediterranean spotted fever; Chlamydia, a genus responsible for a sexually transmitted disease; Coxiella burnetii, an agent responsible for Q fever. Viral pathogens include vaccinia—a poxvirus, and herpes simplex virus—a virus that...
Viral Replication: Lytic Cycle01:20

Viral Replication: Lytic Cycle

Bacteriophages, or phages, are viruses that specifically infect bacteria. Among them, T-even bacteriophages, such as T4, exhibit a well-characterized lytic replication cycle in Escherichia coli (E. coli). This process ensures the rapid proliferation of the virus while ultimately leading to the destruction of the bacterial host.Attachment and DNA InjectionThe infection process begins with the recognition and binding of the T4 phage to the E. coli cell surface. Tail fibers of the phage...
Leaky Scanning02:28

Leaky Scanning

During most eukaryotic translation processes, the small 40S ribosome subunit scans an mRNA from its 5' end until it encounters the first start AUG codon. The large 60S ribosomal subunit then joins the smaller one to initiate protein synthesis. The location of the translation initiation is largely determined by the nucleotides near the start codon as there may be multiple translation initiation sites present on the mRNA.  Marilyn Kozak discovered that the sequence RCCAUGG (where R stands for...
LTR Retrotransposons03:08

LTR Retrotransposons

LTR retrotransposons are class I transposable elements with long terminal repeats flanking an internal coding region. These elements are less abundant in mammals compared to other class I transposable elements. About 8 percent of human genomic DNA comprises LTR retrotransposons. Some of the common examples of LTR retrotransposons are Ty elements in yeast and Copia elements in Drosophila.
The internal coding region of LTR retrotransposons and their mechanism of transposition closely resembles a...
Initiation of Translation02:33

Initiation of Translation

Initiating translation is complex because it involves multiple molecules. Initiator tRNA, ribosomal subunits, and eukaryotic initiation factors (eIFs) are all required to assemble on the initiation codon of mRNA. This process consists of several steps that are mediated by different eIFs.
First, the initiator tRNA must be selected from the pool of elongator tRNAs by eukaryotic initiation factor 2 (eIF2). The initiator tRNA (Met-tRNAi) has conserved sequence elements including modified bases at...
Vesicular Tubular Clusters01:45

Vesicular Tubular Clusters

After budding out from the ER membrane, some COPII vesicles lose their coat and fuse with one another to form larger vesicles and interconnected tubules called vesicular tubular clusters or VTCs. These clusters constitute a compartment at the ER-Golgi interface known as ERGIC (Endoplasmic Reticulum Golgi Intermediate Compartment). The ERGIC is a mobile membrane-bound cargo transport system that sorts proteins secreted from ER and delivers them to the Golgi.
With the help of motor proteins such...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 23, 2026

Modeling The Lifecycle Of Ebola Virus Under Biosafety Level 2 Conditions With Virus-like Particles Containing Tetracistronic Minigenomes
10:11

Modeling The Lifecycle Of Ebola Virus Under Biosafety Level 2 Conditions With Virus-like Particles Containing Tetracistronic Minigenomes

Published on: September 27, 2014

Ebolavirus Replication and Tetherin/BST-2.

Jiro Yasuda1

  • 1Department of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nagasaki University Nagasaki, Japan.

Frontiers in Microbiology
|April 10, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Ebolavirus (EBOV) VP40 protein forms virus-like particles, but tetherin/BST-2 inhibits their release. EBOV glycoprotein (GP) antagonizes tetherin/BST-2, though the mechanism and GP

Keywords:
GPVLPantagonistebolavirustetherin/BST-2

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Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Ebolavirus (EBOV) is a lethal hemorrhagic fever virus with seven encoded proteins.
  • VP40 is an EBOV matrix protein crucial for virus assembly and release.
  • Tetherin/BST-2 inhibits the release of various viruses, including EBOV VP40 virus-like particles (VLPs).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the mechanism by which EBOV glycoprotein (GP) antagonizes tetherin/BST-2.
  • To determine if GPs from other EBOV species also antagonize tetherin/BST-2.

Main Methods:

  • Expression of EBOV VP40 and GP in mammalian cells.
  • Analysis of VLP release in the presence and absence of tetherin/BST-2.
  • Investigating the interaction between EBOV GP and tetherin/BST-2.

Main Results:

  • Tetherin/BST-2 inhibits the release of EBOV VP40-induced VLPs.
  • EBOV GP antagonizes the antiviral activity of tetherin/BST-2.
  • The precise mechanism of GP-mediated antagonism and its cross-species activity require further elucidation.

Conclusions:

  • EBOV GP plays a role in counteracting the host restriction factor tetherin/BST-2.
  • Understanding this interaction is critical for comprehending EBOV replication and pathogenesis.
  • Further research is needed to explore the functional conservation of GP antagonism across EBOV species.