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Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells

Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells

Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that divide and produce different types of cells. Ordinarily, cells that have differentiated into a specific cell type are post-mitotic—that is, they no longer divide. However, scientists have found a way to reprogram these mature cells so that they “de-differentiate” and return to an unspecialized, proliferative state. These cells are also pluripotent like embryonic stem cells—able to produce all cell types—and are therefore called induced pluripotent stem...

Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells

Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells

Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that divide and produce different cell types. Ordinarily, cells that have differentiated into a specific cell type are terminally differentiated; however, scientists have found a way to reprogram these mature cells so that they dedifferentiate and return to an unspecialized, proliferative state. These cells are pluripotent like embryonic stem cells—able to produce all cell types—and are called induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs).
Somatic cells are...

Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells

Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells

Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that divide and produce different types of cells. Ordinarily, cells that have differentiated into a specific cell type are post-mitotic—that is, they no longer divide. However, scientists have found a way to reprogram these mature cells so that they “de-differentiate” and return to an unspecialized, proliferative state. These cells are also pluripotent like embryonic stem cells—able to produce all cell types—and are therefore called induced pluripotent stem...

Chromatin Modification in iPS Cells

Chromatin Modification in iPS Cells

Chromatin modification alters gene expression; therefore, scientists can add histone-modifying enzymes, histone variants, and chromatin remodeling complexes to somatic cells to aid reprogramming into pluripotent stem (iPS) cells.
Compact chromatin makes reprogramming difficult. Enzymes, such as histone demethylases and acetyltransferases, are often added during reprogramming to loosen the chromatin, making the DNA more accessible to transcription factors. Molecules that inhibit histone...

Somatic to iPS Cell Reprogramming

Somatic to iPS Cell Reprogramming

Reprogramming alters the gene expression in somatic cells, transforming them into induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells over several generations. Scientists can reprogram cells by introducing genes for four transcription factors—Oct4, Sox2, Klf4, and c-Myc (OSKM) by viral or non-viral methods. These factors are also known as Yamanaka factors after Shinya Yamanaka, who first generated iPS cells using mouse skin cells. Yamanaka was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 2012 for this...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 23, 2026

Establishment of Genome-edited Human Pluripotent Stem Cell Lines: From Targeting to Isolation

Establishment of Genome-edited Human Pluripotent Stem Cell Lines: From Targeting to Isolation

Published on: February 2, 2016

Genome editing in induced pluripotent stem cells.

Li-Tao Cheng¹, Liang-Tso Sun, Takashi Tada

¹Stem Cell Engineering, Institute for Frontier Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan.

Genes to Cells : Devoted to Molecular & Cellular Mechanisms

|April 11, 2012

Summary

Induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells offer regenerative medicine potential. Genome editing advances iPS cell therapy for genetic disorders by correcting mutations, enabling clinical applications.

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Genome Editing and Directed Differentiation of hPSCs for Interrogating Lineage Determinants in Human Pancreatic Development

Genome Editing and Directed Differentiation of hPSCs for Interrogating Lineage Determinants in Human Pancreatic Development

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Last Updated: May 23, 2026

Establishment of Genome-edited Human Pluripotent Stem Cell Lines: From Targeting to Isolation

Establishment of Genome-edited Human Pluripotent Stem Cell Lines: From Targeting to Isolation

Published on: February 2, 2016

Introducing Point Mutations into Human Pluripotent Stem Cells Using Seamless Genome Editing

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Published on: May 10, 2020

Genome Editing and Directed Differentiation of hPSCs for Interrogating Lineage Determinants in Human Pancreatic Development

Genome Editing and Directed Differentiation of hPSCs for Interrogating Lineage Determinants in Human Pancreatic Development

Published on: March 5, 2017

Area of Science:

Stem cell biology
Genetics
Regenerative medicine

Background:

Induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells hold promise for regenerative medicine by generating patient-specific cells and tissues.
Therapeutic applications of iPS cells for genetic disorders require efficient and specific genome-editing technologies.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the application of genome-editing technologies in induced pluripotent stem cells.
To highlight the potential of genome-edited iPS cells for treating genetic disorders.

Main Methods:

Review of recent genome-editing strategies, including zinc finger nucleases (ZFNs) and transcription activator-like effector nucleases (TALENs), applied to human and mouse iPS cells.
Discussion of spontaneous homologous recombination for correcting genetic mutations in iPS cells.

Main Results:

Genome-editing technologies have been successfully applied to human and mouse iPS cells.
Spontaneous homologous recombination can correct genetic mutations in iPS cells.

Conclusions:

Genome editing is crucial for realizing the clinical potential of patient-specific, mutation-free iPS cells in treating genetic disorders.
Advancements in genome editing pave the way for iPS cell-based therapies for a range of genetic conditions.