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Polytene chromosomes are giant interphase chromosomes with several DNA strands placed side by side. They were discovered in the year 1881 by Balbiani in salivary glands, intestine, muscles, malpighian tubules, and hypoderm of larvae Chironomus plumosus. Hence, these are also called "Salivary gland chromosomes." These are found in insects of the order Diptera and Collembola; in certain organs of mammals; and synergids, antipodes of flowering plants. Polytene chromosomes are also regularly...
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Chromosome Preparation From Cultured Cells
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Published on: January 28, 2014

Reflections on a lifetime in cytogenetics.

Adayapalam T Natarajan1

  • 1Department of Agrobiology and Agrochemistry, University of Tuscia, Via San Camillo de Lellis s.n.c, 01100 Viterbo, Italy.

Mutation Research. Reviews in Mutation Research
|April 11, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This review covers 50 years of research on chemical and radiation-induced chromosomal changes, integrating plant and mammalian cytogenetics. It emphasizes the evolution of methods and the value of global scientific cooperation.

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Area of Science:

  • Cytogenetics
  • Molecular Biology
  • Radiation Biology

Background:

  • The study reviews the historical development of cytogenetic research over fifty years.
  • It focuses on the induction of chromosomal alterations by various agents.
  • The research spans from traditional plant studies to modern mammalian cell investigations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a historical overview of cytogenetic studies on induced chromosomal alterations.
  • To illustrate the evolution of methodologies in cytogenetics.
  • To underscore the significance of international collaboration in scientific research.

Main Methods:

  • Review of historical research data and publications.
  • Integration of traditional plant cytogenetics techniques.
  • Application of molecular methodologies in mammalian cell cytogenetics.

Main Results:

  • Documented progression from traditional to molecular cytogenetic approaches.
  • Demonstrated the impact of chemicals and radiation on chromosomal structures.
  • Highlighted successful international research collaborations.

Conclusions:

  • Cytogenetic studies have evolved significantly over fifty years.
  • The integration of molecular techniques has advanced the field.
  • International collaboration is crucial for scientific progress in cytogenetics.