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Two different fatigue protocols and lower extremity motion patterns during a stop-jump task.

David Quammen¹, Nelson Cortes, Bonnie L Van Lunen

¹Human Movement Sciences Department, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA, USA.

Journal of Athletic Training

|April 11, 2012

Summary

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Fatigue alters landing biomechanics in female athletes, increasing injury risk. A short functional agility fatigue protocol (FAST-FP) induced similar changes to a longer protocol, suggesting its clinical applicability for assessing neuromuscular control.

Area of Science:

Sports Medicine
Biomechanics
Injury Prevention

Background:

Altered neuromuscular control during fatigue is linked to increased noncontact anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries in female athletes.
Understanding fatigue-induced biomechanical changes is crucial for developing effective injury prevention strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

To compare the biomechanical effects of two distinct fatigue protocols (slow linear oxidative fatigue protocol [SLO-FP] and functional agility short-term fatigue protocol [FAST-FP]) on female athletes performing a running-stop-jump task.
To identify potential differences in neuromuscular responses to fatigue between the SLO-FP and FAST-FP.

Main Methods:

A controlled laboratory study involving 15 female soccer players.
Participants performed a running-stop-jump task pre- and post-fatigue under two conditions: SLO-FP (30-minute run post-VO2peak test) and FAST-FP (4 sets of a functional circuit).

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Kinematic and kinetic data of the hip and knee were analyzed.

Main Results:

Both fatigue protocols resulted in a more erect landing posture, characterized by decreased hip and knee flexion angles at initial contact and peak vertical ground reaction force.
The FAST-FP protocol showed a greater internal adduction moment at initial contact compared to the SLO-FP.
Post-fatigue landing biomechanics showed significant reductions in hip flexion and knee flexion compared to pre-fatigue conditions.

Conclusions:

Fatigue significantly alters landing biomechanics in female athletes, leading to reduced joint flexion and a more upright posture.
The FAST-FP is a time-efficient (5 minutes) protocol that elicits similar biomechanical changes to the longer SLO-FP (45 minutes), indicating its clinical utility.
These findings highlight the importance of considering fatigue in the assessment and prevention of ACL injuries in female athletes.