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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 23, 2026

Using Gold-standard Gait Analysis Methods to Assess Experience Effects on Lower-limb Mechanics During Moderate High-heeled Jogging and Running

Using Gold-standard Gait Analysis Methods to Assess Experience Effects on Lower-limb Mechanics During Moderate High-heeled Jogging and Running

Published on: September 14, 2017

Arch height and maximum rearfoot eversion during jogging in 2 static neutral positions.

Sae Yong Lee¹, Jay Hertel

¹University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL 33146, USA. s.lee7@miami.edu

Journal of Athletic Training

|April 11, 2012

Summary

The subtalar neutral position (STNP) reference significantly increases rearfoot eversion measurements during jogging compared to the weight-bearing neutral position (WBNP). STNP also strongly correlates with navicular drop, unlike WBNP.

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Area of Science:

Biomechanics
Gait Analysis
Sports Medicine

Background:

Medial longitudinal arch lowering is clinically linked to rearfoot eversion.
The precise relationship between arch height and rearfoot eversion during gait remains unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

To evaluate how weight-bearing neutral position (WBNP) and subtalar neutral position (STNP) affect rearfoot eversion, tibial rotation, knee flexion, knee rotation, and ankle joint motion during jogging.
To compare the correlations between static arch height, navicular drop, and rearfoot eversion measurements derived from WBNP and STNP.

Main Methods:

A crossover study design was employed with 33 healthy adult volunteers.
Kinematic data were collected using a 10-camera motion analysis system while participants jogged on a treadmill.
Measurements included rearfoot and shank kinematics, navicular drop, and static arch height, analyzed using both WBNP and STNP reference positions.

Main Results:

Maximum rearfoot eversion was significantly greater when using STNP (10.91°) compared to WBNP (4.03°).
A strong positive correlation was found between maximum STNP eversion and navicular drop (r = 0.842).
No significant correlation was observed between WBNP rearfoot eversion and navicular drop (r = 0.216).

Conclusions:

The choice of reference position (STNP vs. WBNP) significantly influences the measurement of frontal-plane rearfoot movement during jogging.
Other ankle and knee kinematic measures during jogging are not substantially affected by the choice of reference position.