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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 23, 2026

Construction of Constant-Load (Isotonic) and Constant-Velocity (Isokinetic) Torque-Velocity-Power Profiles In vivo for the Rat Plantar Flexors
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A methodologic approach for normalizing angular work and velocity during isotonic and isokinetic eccentric training.

Gaël Guilhem1, Christophe Cornu, Arnaud Guével

  • 1Faculty of Sport Sciences, "Motricité, Interactions, Performance" Laboratory, University of Nantes, EA 4334, France. gael.guilhem@insep.fr

Journal of Athletic Training
|April 11, 2012
PubMed
Summary

Standardizing eccentric resistance training is possible. This study shows that a new protocol can equalize mechanical work and velocity over nine weeks for both isotonic and isokinetic eccentric training, aiding future research.

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Muscle Imbalances: Testing and Training Functional Eccentric Hamstring Strength in Athletic Populations
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Muscle Imbalances: Testing and Training Functional Eccentric Hamstring Strength in Athletic Populations

Published on: May 1, 2018

Area of Science:

  • Sports Science
  • Exercise Physiology
  • Biomechanics

Background:

  • Resistance exercise training is commonly performed using constant external load (isotonic) or constant velocity (isokinetic) protocols.
  • Comparing isotonic and isokinetic training effectiveness requires equalizing the mechanical stimulus (work and velocity).
  • Standardization protocols need adjustment for eccentric training applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the feasibility of adjusting and applying a standardization protocol to eccentric resistance training.
  • To determine if angular work and velocity can be equalized between isotonic and isokinetic eccentric training over a 9-week period.

Main Methods:

  • A controlled laboratory study involving 21 male sport science students.
  • Participants underwent 9 weeks of either isotonic (n=11) or isokinetic (n=10) eccentric training of knee extensors.
  • The training was designed to deliver identical angular work and mean angular velocity for both groups.

Main Results:

  • Both isotonic and isokinetic groups achieved comparable total work (-185.2 ± 6.5 kJ vs. -184.4 ± 8.6 kJ) and mean angular velocity (21 ± 1°/s vs. 22°/s).
  • The number of repetitions was identical (8.0) for both training modes.
  • Bland-Altman analysis confirmed successful equalization of work (bias = 2.4%) and angular velocity (bias = 0.2%) over the 9 weeks.

Conclusions:

  • A developed procedure effectively standardizes angular work and velocity in 9-week isotonic and isokinetic eccentric knee extensor training.
  • This standardization method is valuable for future research comparing neuromuscular adaptations between training modes.
  • The findings have potential applications in rehabilitating patients with musculoskeletal injuries.