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How to Create and Use Binocular Rivalry
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Published on: November 10, 2010

A spectrum of shadowed mirroring.

Melissa C Wanamaker1

  • 1Queens Consultation Center, Rego Park, New York, USA. mwanamaker1@mac.com

Psychoanalytic Review
|April 12, 2012
PubMed
Summary

This study introduces "shadowed mirroring," a concept extending Kohut's maternal mirroring theory. Distorted mirroring, from passive to hostile, can negatively impact self-development and empathy.

Area of Science:

  • Psychoanalytic Theory
  • Developmental Psychology
  • Psychopathology

Background:

  • Explores Heinz Kohut's theory of maternal mirroring, essential for healthy self-development.
  • Introduces the concept of "shadowed mirroring" inferred from Kohut's idea of a "faceless" maternal reflection.
  • Situates shadowed mirroring within contemporary psychoanalytic thought, including Intersubjective/Relational perspectives.

Observation:

  • Shadowed mirroring exists on a spectrum, ranging from passive to actively hostile (verbal/nonverbal).
  • Both passive and hostile mirroring experiences can occur within the same individual.
  • Clinical and literary examples illustrate the manifestations of shadowed mirroring.

Findings:

  • Shadowed mirroring, particularly hostile forms, is analyzed within the mother-child relationship dynamics.

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  • Connects shadowed mirroring to modern Intersubjective/Relational theories emphasizing bidirectional, co-constructed interactions.
  • Identifies specific psychological consequences of shadowed mirroring.

    • Implications:

    • Shadowed mirroring can lead to severe personality dysfunction, including borderline-narcissistic traits.
    • Associated with difficulties in identity formation and self-cohesiveness.
    • May result in a diminished capacity for empathy and other humane qualities.