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Updated: May 23, 2026

A Simple Cell-based Immunofluorescence Assay to Detect Autoantibody Against the N-Methyl-D-Aspartate (NMDA) Receptor in Blood
Published on: January 9, 2018
Nonparaneoplastic anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor encephalitis: a case series of four children
Sarbani Raha1, Pradnya Gadgil, Charulata Sankhla
1Department of Pediatric Neurology, P.D. Hinduja Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India. drsarbaniraha@rediffmail.com
Abstract:
A rare, severe form of immune-mediated encephalitis recently has been described, associated with antibodies against N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors. It is reported mostly in women with ovarian tumors. Nonparaneoplastic presentations are less common. We describe four children with a neuropsychiatric and extrapyramidal syndrome associated with the presence of anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antibodies in cerebrospinal fluid and serum, without evidence of neoplasia. Three children recovered completely after immunomodulatory therapy, i.e., intravenous immunoglobulin and/or steroids, methylprednisolone, and/or adrenocorticotrophic hormone.
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