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Updated: May 23, 2026

A Restriction Enzyme Based Cloning Method to Assess the In vitro Replication Capacity of HIV-1 Subtype C Gag-MJ4 Chimeric Viruses
Published on: August 31, 2014
[Prevalence status and mutation pattern of H221Y in subtype B' of HIV-1]
Han-ping Li1, Wei Guo, Yong-jian Liu
1State Key Laboratory of Pathogen & Biosecurity, Institute of Microbiology & Epidemiology, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing 100071, China.
Objective:
To explore the prevalence and mutation pattern of H221Y at reverse transcriptase (RT) among the subtype B' of human immunodeficiency virus1 (HIV-1) in antiviral therapy-failure patients.
Methods:
A total of 1363 sequences, comprising of 1205 therapy-failure individuals and 158 therapy-naive individuals, were submitted to the Stanford HIV drug resistance database (SHDB) to analyze the frequency and mutation pattern of H221Y.
Results:
The prevalence of mutation H221Y in the therapy-failure population was significantly higher than that of the therapy-naive (6.59% vs 0.60%) (χ(2) = 6.59, P = 0.027). The emergence of H221Y usually accompanied the position mutations of T215, M184, K103 and Y181 of RT, and the pattern of TAMs/H221Y/Y181C/I was common. Frequency of H221Y in the regimen of AZT/ddI/NVP was more popular than the other 4 regimens (14.6% vs 3.5%, 4.9%, 2.3%, 2.6%, all P < 0.01).
Conclusion:
With a unique mutation pattern, H221Y has a low prevalence in the individuals of first-line therapy-failure patients.
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