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Related Concept Videos

Types Of Superconductors01:28

Types Of Superconductors

A superconductor is a substance that offers zero resistance to the electric current when it drops below a critical temperature. Zero resistance is not the only interesting phenomenon as materials reach their transition temperatures. A second effect is the exclusion of magnetic fields. This is known as the Meissner effect. A light, permanent magnet placed over a superconducting sample will levitate in a stable position above the superconductor. High-speed trains that levitate on strong...
Ferromagnetism01:31

Ferromagnetism

Materials like iron, nickel, and cobalt consist of magnetic domains, within which the magnetic dipoles are arranged parallel to each other. The magnetic dipoles are rigidly aligned in the same direction within a domain by quantum mechanical coupling among the atoms. This coupling is so strong that even thermal agitation at room temperature cannot break it. The result is that each domain has a net dipole moment. However, some materials have weaker coupling, and are ferromagnetic at lower...
Properties of Transition Metals02:58

Properties of Transition Metals

Transition metals are defined as those elements that have partially filled d orbitals. As shown in Figure 1, the d-block elements in groups 3–12 are transition elements. The f-block elements, also called inner transition metals (the lanthanides and actinides), also meet this criterion because the d orbital is partially occupied before the f orbitals.
Valence Bond Theory02:42

Valence Bond Theory

Coordination compounds and complexes exhibit different colors, geometries, and magnetic behavior, depending on the metal atom/ion and ligands from which they are composed. In an attempt to explain the bonding and structure of coordination complexes, Linus Pauling proposed the valence bond theory, or VBT, using the concepts of hybridization and the overlapping of the atomic orbitals. According to VBT, the central metal atom or ion (Lewis acid) hybridizes to provide empty orbitals of suitable...
Superconductor01:24

Superconductor

A substance that reaches superconductivity, a state in which magnetic fields cannot penetrate, and there is no electrical resistance, is referred to as a superconductor. In 1911, Heike Kamerlingh Onnes of Leiden University, a Dutch physicist, observed a relation between the temperature and the resistance of the element mercury. The mercury sample was then cooled in liquid helium to study the linear dependence of resistance on temperature. It was observed that, as the temperature decreased, the...
Crystal Field Theory - Octahedral Complexes02:58

Crystal Field Theory - Octahedral Complexes

Crystal Field Theory
To explain the observed behavior of transition metal complexes (such as colors), a model involving electrostatic interactions between the electrons from the ligands and the electrons in the unhybridized d orbitals of the central metal atom has been developed. This electrostatic model is crystal field theory (CFT). It helps to understand, interpret, and predict the colors, magnetic behavior, and some structures of coordination compounds of transition metals.
CFT focuses on...

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Visualizing Uniaxial-strain Manipulation of Antiferromagnetic Domains in Fe1+YTe Using a Spin-polarized Scanning Tunneling Microscope
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Structure-properties correlations in Fe chalcogenide superconductors.

Lorenzo Malavasi1, Serena Margadonna

  • 1Dept. of Chemistry and INSTM, University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli 16, I-27100 Pavia, Italy. Lorenzo.malavasi@unipv.it

Chemical Society Reviews
|April 12, 2012
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PbO-type iron chalcogenides are a new class of superconductors. This review explores how their structures and compositions affect electronic properties, impacting superconductivity.

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Area of Science:

  • Solid State Physics
  • Materials Science
  • Chemistry

Background:

  • Superconductivity is a quantum mechanical phenomenon where a material can conduct electricity with zero resistance.
  • Iron chalcogenides have garnered significant interest due to their diverse electronic and magnetic properties.
  • The discovery of superconductivity in lead oxide (PbO)-type iron chalcogenides presents a novel avenue for research.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the emerging field of PbO-type iron chalcogenides.
  • To elucidate the structure-property relationships in these materials.
  • To understand the influence of chemical composition on electronic behavior and superconductivity.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent experimental and theoretical studies.
  • Analysis of crystallographic data and structural characterization techniques.
  • Correlation of electronic band structures with observed superconducting properties.

Main Results:

  • PbO-type iron chalcogenides exhibit unique crystal structures that differ from other iron-based superconductors.
  • Specific structural motifs and chemical substitutions are directly linked to the emergence and enhancement of superconductivity.
  • Electronic properties, such as band topology and carrier concentration, are tunable via chemical composition.

Conclusions:

  • The PbO-type structure provides a promising platform for designing new superconductors.
  • Understanding the interplay between structure, composition, and electronic properties is crucial for advancing iron chalcogenide superconductivity.
  • Further research into chemical modifications and structural variations could lead to higher superconducting transition temperatures.