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Prevalence and pattern of congenital heart disease in Uttarakhand, India

Nowneet Kumar Bhat1, Minakshi Dhar, Ritesh Kumar

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, Himalayan Institute of Medical Sciences, Doiwala, Dehradun, Uttarakhand 248140, India. drnmbhat@gmail.com

Indian Journal of Pediatrics
|April 12, 2012
PubMed

Insights

The prevalence of congenital heart disease (CHD) in Uttarakhand, India, is 8.54 per 1000 children. Ventricular septal defect and tetralogy of Fallot were the most common defects, with delayed diagnosis in many cases.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Cardiology
  • Public Health
  • Medical Diagnostics

Background:

  • Congenital heart disease (CHD) represents a significant global health concern.
  • Understanding the local prevalence and patterns of CHD is crucial for effective healthcare planning.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the prevalence and common types of congenital heart disease (CHD) in children.
  • To analyze the diagnostic timing and treatment rates for CHD at a tertiary care hospital in Uttarakhand, India.

Main Methods:

  • A 3-year observational study involving clinical examination, ECG, chest radiography, and color Doppler echocardiography.
  • Inclusion criteria: live births and children up to 18 years presenting to the hospital.

Main Results:

  • A prevalence of 8.54 per 1000 children was found among 36,541 examined.
  • Ventricular septal defect (30.45%) and atrial septal defect (17.63%) were most common.
  • Diagnosis was delayed beyond infancy in over half of the cases; only 9.29% received definitive treatment.

Conclusions:

  • The prevalence of CHD in this Uttarakhand cohort is 8.54 per 1000 children.
  • Ventricular septal defect (VSD) and tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) are the most frequent acyanotic and cyanotic defects, respectively.
  • Delayed diagnosis and low treatment rates highlight areas for improved pediatric cardiac care.
Abstract

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