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Related Concept Videos

Borderline Personality Disorder01:25

Borderline Personality Disorder

Borderline Personality Disorder is a complex and multifaceted mental health condition characterized by pervasive instability in interpersonal relationships, self-image, emotions, and impulse control. This instability manifests in extreme emotional reactions, fear of abandonment, and self-destructive behaviors. The disorder significantly impacts daily functioning, often leading to distress in both personal and professional domains.
Genetic and Environmental Contributions
Borderline Personality...
Self-Discrepancy and Its Effects01:29

Self-Discrepancy and Its Effects

Self-discrepancy theory explains how people compare their actual self to their ideal and ought selves and how mismatches between these self-guides can lead to emotional distress. Developed by E. Tory Higgins, the theory distinguishes among three components of self-concept: the actual self, the ideal self, and the ought self. These refer respectively to how individuals perceive themselves, how they aspire to be, and how they believe they are obligated to be. Emotional well-being, self-esteem,...
Personality Disorders: Narcissistic and Avoidant01:26

Personality Disorders: Narcissistic and Avoidant

Narcissistic and avoidant personality traits represent two contrasting patterns of behavior that significantly influence social interactions and self-perception. While individuals with narcissistic disorder seek admiration and validation, individuals with avoidant personality disorder withdraw due to fear of judgment.
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Self-Esteem01:28

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Self-esteem, a core aspect of psychological well-being, reflects an individual's positive and negative self-evaluation in terms of worth, competence, and overall value. It is both a stable trait and a dynamic process, influenced by experiences and social interactions across the lifespan. While global self-esteem offers a general assessment, research highlights that self-esteem is multidimensional and varies across specific life domains.Domain-Specific Self-EsteemResearchers have delineated...
Self-Evaluation: Self-Enhancement and Self-Verification03:00

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Social psychologists have documented that feeling good about ourselves and maintaining positive self-esteem is a powerful motivator of human behavior (Tavris & Aronson, 2008). In the United States, members of the predominant culture typically think very highly of themselves and view themselves as good people who are above average on many desirable traits (Ehrlinger, Gilovich, & Ross, 2005). Often, our behavior, attitudes, and beliefs are affected when we experience a threat to our...
Self-Discrepancy Theory02:45

Self-Discrepancy Theory

One influential perspective on what motivates people's behavior is detailed in Tory Higgin's self-discrepancy theory (Higgins, 1987). He proposed that people hold disagreeing internal representations of themselves that lead to different emotional states.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 23, 2026

Use of a Psychophysiological Script-driven Imagery Experiment to Study Trauma-related Dissociation in Borderline Personality Disorder
09:55

Use of a Psychophysiological Script-driven Imagery Experiment to Study Trauma-related Dissociation in Borderline Personality Disorder

Published on: March 8, 2018

Implicit self-esteem in borderline personality and depersonalization disorder.

Alexis N Hedrick1, Heather A Berlin

  • 1Department of Psychology, Vassar College Poughkeepsie, NY, USA.

Frontiers in Psychology
|April 12, 2012
PubMed
Summary

Implicit self-esteem differs between borderline personality disorder (BPD) and depersonalization disorder (DPD). DPD shows higher implicit self-esteem and harm avoidance, while BPD exhibits more impulsivity and less self-directedness.

Keywords:
borderline personality disorderdepersonalization disorderdissociationimplicit self-esteem

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Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Psychiatry
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • Self-perception is altered in borderline personality disorder (BPD) and depersonalization disorder (DPD).
  • Implicit self-esteem (ISE) may reveal unconscious self-concept differences in BPD and DPD.
  • Both disorders share dissociative symptoms and emotional irregularities.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate differences in implicit self-esteem (ISE) between BPD, DPD, and healthy controls.
  • To explore associations between ISE and measures of emotion, behavior, and temperament in these groups.
  • To differentiate BPD and DPD based on unconscious self-perception and related traits.

Main Methods:

  • Implicit Association Test (IAT) to measure ISE.
  • Assessment of emotion, behavior, and temperament.
  • Comparison of BPD (n=18), DPD (n=18), and healthy control (n=35) participants.

Main Results:

  • DPD participants exhibited significantly higher ISE and harm avoidance than BPD and control groups.
  • BPD participants displayed more "frontal" behaviors, impulsivity, and less self-directedness and cooperativeness compared to DPD and controls.
  • Distinct patterns of ISE, behavior, and temperament emerged for BPD and DPD.

Conclusions:

  • Despite overlapping symptoms, BPD and DPD diverge in implicit self-esteem, behavior, and temperament.
  • These differences offer insights into distinct cognitive and behavioral profiles.
  • Findings suggest potential neurobiological underpinnings differentiating BPD and DPD.