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Pulse Oximetry

Pulse Oximetry

Pulse oximetry, or SpO2, is a non-invasive method for continuously monitoring arterial oxygen saturation (SaO2). This procedure involves attaching a probe or sensor to the patient's fingertip, forehead, earlobe, or nose bridge. The sensor works by detecting changes in oxygen saturation levels through light signals generated by the oximeter and reflected by the pulsing blood under the probe.
Purpose
Average SpO2 values are greater than 95%. If the readings fall below 90%, it indicates that...

Guidelines For Measuring Vital Signs

Guidelines For Measuring Vital Signs

Following these guidelines can help nurses accurately measure vital signs, assess changes in patient conditions, and provide timely treatment when necessary. Adhering closely to the guidelines ensures the accuracy and reliability of the results.
Before taking a patient's vital signs, a nurse would consider and assess the patient's comfort level and ensure appropriate equipment is available.

Special considerations while measuring oxygen saturation

Special considerations while measuring oxygen saturation

Assessing respiratory rate concurrently with pulse measurement is fundamental to patient care, providing valuable insights into the patient's respiratory function. The normal breathing rate for an adult usually falls within a normal range of 12 to 20 breaths per minute. Abnormal respiratory rates can signal underlying health conditions or the need for immediate intervention.
Ensuring accuracy in vital sign recordings while prioritizing patient comfort and minimizing anxiety is important.

Pulse rhythm

Pulse rhythm

Pulse rhythm refers to the pattern of pulsations within specific intervals, offering valuable insights into the regularity or irregularity of the heart's beats as observed through the pattern of pulsation within specific intervals. A regular pulse exhibits a consistent heart rate with uniform waveforms and pulsation force, variations of which can be classified as normal, weak, or bounding.
Conversely, an irregular pulse pattern is termed dysrhythmia, stemming from disruptions in cardiac muscle...

Respiratory Assessment: Purpose and Indications

Respiratory Assessment: Purpose and Indications

Respiratory assessment is a cornerstone of nursing assessments, crucial for the early detection of patient deterioration. This evaluation transcends routine procedures, representing a critical skill nurses must master to ensure optimal patient care.
Objectives and Importance:
The primary goal of respiratory assessment is to evaluate patients at early risk of clinical deterioration. Since respiratory distress often precedes other signs of declining health, breathing patterns and sounds become a...

Assessing Blood pressure using a doppler ultrasound

Assessing Blood pressure using a doppler ultrasound

To obtain accurate blood pressure measurements in clinical settings, especially when traditional methods are insufficient, healthcare professionals utilize the Doppler ultrasound technique. This method uses high-frequency sound waves to detect blood flow within the arteries, which is crucial for patients with conditions that complicate circulatory system assessment.
Pre-Procedural Guidelines for Doppler Ultrasound Blood Pressure Assessment:
Preparation of Equipment:

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 23, 2026

Standardized Hemorrhagic Shock Induction Guided by Cerebral Oximetry and Extended Hemodynamic Monitoring in Pigs

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Pulse oximetry screening in Wisconsin.

Daniel J Beissel¹, Elizabeth M Goetz, John S Hokanson

¹Department of Pediatrics, American Family Children' s Hospital, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53792-4108, USA. dbeissel@uwhealth.org

Congenital Heart Disease

|April 13, 2012

Summary

Pulse oximetry is available in all Wisconsin hospitals for newborn screening of critical congenital heart disease (CCHD). Most births occur in facilities with same-day echocardiography for diagnosis.

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Area of Science:

Neonatal Medicine
Pediatric Cardiology
Public Health

Background:

Pulse oximetry is a vital screening tool for detecting critical congenital heart disease (CCHD) in newborns before hospital discharge.
Echocardiography is essential for confirming CCHD diagnoses but is not universally available at all delivery sites.
Determining optimal diagnostic and treatment pathways for CCHD in diverse settings is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

To assess the availability of resources for diagnosing and treating newborns with CCHD in Wisconsin.
To understand the current landscape of CCHD screening and diagnostic capabilities in Wisconsin hospitals.

Main Methods:

A telephone survey was conducted in February-March 2011 targeting nurse managers/administrators of 99 Wisconsin hospitals delivering newborns.
Data on the number of births per facility were estimated using 2010 data.
Survey response rate was 88.9% (88 hospitals), representing 95% of in-hospital births.

Main Results:

All surveyed hospitals (88/88) had pulse oximetry available.
Pulse oximetry screening for CCHD was routinely used in 28.4% of hospitals (35.2% of births).
Same-day neonatal echocardiography was available in 37.5% of hospitals (74.4% of births), with an average distance of 53.1 miles to facilities lacking this service.

Conclusions:

Pulse oximetry is universally accessible in Wisconsin newborn nurseries.
While CCHD screening is implemented in many nurseries, the majority of Wisconsin births occur in hospitals with access to same-day neonatal echocardiography for diagnostic confirmation.